热带地区的发热病——巴西的疾病、气候与医学叙事(1808—1870)

Feverish Tropics:Disease,Climate and Medical Discourse.Brazil,1808-1870

从1808年葡萄牙王室抵达里约热内卢到1851年巴西建立公共卫生中央联合机构,里约热内卢的医学精英所主导制定的健康议程历经数次变化。此外,从巴西沦为葡萄牙殖民地的最后几十年开始,到其逐步摆脱葡萄牙的统治并在独立后建立帝国医学研究院(Imperial Academy of Medicine,1835年)为止,里约热内卢的医学精英还首次对发热病进行了研究,旨在通过此举获得对当地医学知识和卫生话语的垄断权。

The paper discusses the construction of a health agenda by the medical elite of Rio de Janeiro between the transfer of the Portuguese court to the city(1808)until the creation of the Central Board of Public Hygiene(1851).Through the analysis of the first studies on the fevers of Rio de Janeiro,in the last decades of the colonial period,until the establishment of the Imperial Academy of Medicine(1835),after Brazil's independency from Portugal,it highlights the constant effort by the members of this elite to establish a monopoly on local medical knowledge and hygene discourse.