国人骶髂关节面测定及其应力与负荷的关系

DETERMINATION OF THE SACROILIAC ARTICU-LAR SURFACE WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO THE STRESS LOADING

本研究应用图像分析仪,测定了50付髋骨与骶骨骶髂关节面的纵径、横径和投影面积。女性骶髂关节面宽而短,关节面上部面积大于男性;男性关节面狭而长,其下部面积大于女性。由于男性髂骨翼近乎垂直,女性接近水平,因而男性骶骨或髂骨关节面角大于女性;女性背侧凹陷更近于下端,这些变化与男、女性小骨盆腔和骨盆倾角的大小相适应,女性骨盆倾角大,关节面上都受力更集中。关节面形状,应力分布,骨质结构与重力传递有关。关节面前缘上部凸向前,而后缘则形成凹陷,应变值测试表明,隆突部应力最大,骨剖面显示隆突部骨密质最厚,骨小梁向隆突集中。上述变化与人体重力由第五腰椎经骶骨、两侧骶髂关节传递于下肢相适应。

The diameters and projection area of the articular surfaces,contributed to the formation of the sacroiliac joint,were determined on 50 sets of pelvic bones with image analysing apparatus.By drawing a line connecting the most anterior point of the prominence to the deepest point of the posterior incisure,the articular surface may be divided into a superior and an inferior portions.The inferior portion was larger than the superior portion.Each portion of the articular surface on the ilium is slightly larger than that on the sacrum.In order to explore the relationship between the form of the articular surface and its function in transmitting the gravity of the human body,the stress of the neighbouring area near the anterior margin of the articular surface was determined.Moreover,the bony architecture on the cross section passing through the articular surface was observed.It suggests that the strain in the neighbouring area was in linear equation with the gravity loaded on the spinal column.The strongest stress was determined at the anterior margin of the anterior prominence and the thickness of the cortex lying on the relevant bones appears most obvious at the same sites.These results further improve that the bony architecture was consistent with the strain in bearing the body weight.Besides,the form of the articular surface was also adapted to its function.