兔肺动脉-支气管系淋巴管微细分布的光镜与电镜研究

LIGHT AND ELECTRONMICROSCOPIC STUDIES ON THE FINE DISTRIBUTION OF LYMPHATICS OF BRONCHIAL ARTERY OF THE RABBIT

本文采用家兔动脉内灌注加墨硝酸银液显示淋巴管法及将加墨Riger液动脉灌流后,包埋成电镜用材,先制成1μm半薄切片,再制作超薄切片,染色后用光镜和电镜观察。1.伴行肺动脉的淋巴管为肺深淋巴管系主流,其末梢向小叶中央一直伸延到末级微动脉附近,在靠近微动脉的肺泡间隔内,可见淋巴毛细管。2.在呼吸性细支气管外膜下,未见淋巴毛细管。伴行支气管的淋巴管,起始于末级终末细支气管分叉部。在细支气管固有层基底部淋巴毛细管盲突端周围,显示出网状纤维构成的类丝绵状的“淋巴管前通液路”。3.与终末细支气管同行的小动脉外膜下淋巴管,以及细支气管外膜下的淋巴管腔内,未见瓣膜;自该级以远的淋巴管为毛细管性。4.电镜下肺淋巴毛细管内皮细胞核部较厚,其余部位菲薄。管壁凸凹,腔形不整齐,基膜不连续或缺失,无周细胞。内皮细胞结合形式多样,连接松散,常有开放,并可见固着细丝。淋巴管者与其大致相似。

Since the conventional dyes and puncture injection give no satisfactory effect in observing the pulmonary deep lymphatics,the author is inspired to introduce two new kinds of mixture,one is AgNO_(3)with India ink,one is Riger's solution with India ink.Injections of the new mixtures directly into the artery,and the following findings are obtained.1.With the lymphatic vessel related to the pulmonary artery as the main current,the pulmonary deep lymphatic vessels extend themselves to somewhere near the meta-arteriole while the lymphatic capillaries can be found around the inter-alveolar septa close to the terminal arterioles.2.The pre-lymphovascular fluid pathway is carefully observed,which is described by Professor T.Kihara as of sponge like reticular fibres,around the lymphatic capillary blind sacs under the external base lamina propria of bronchioles.It is convinced that the lymphatic capillary,which is not yet found under the respiratory bronchiole membrane,starts where the final terminal bronchiole branches.3.The fact that the valve is absent in the lymphatic vessel under the external membrane of both the bronchiole and the arteriole of related to the terminal bronchiolus shows that the lymphatic vessel farther off is capillary.4.The tube of the pulmonary lymphatic capillary appears,under the microscope,irregular in shape where its endothelial cells,which are thin all over except for the part at the nuclei,have no pericytes and are lacking in the laminae or just have scattered ones.The cells are loosely joined in various ways and in some places they are separated by anchoring filaments.