国人颅底孔面积的对称性研究及由孔径推算孔面积的回归方程

A STUDY OF THE SYMMETRY AND REGRESSION FORMULAS OF AREAS OF THE FORAMEN OVALE, SPINOSUM, LACERUM,JUGULAE AND ORIFICE OF THE CANALIS CAROTICUS

本文对100具成都出土的成人颅骨颅底外面的卵圓孔、棘孔、破裂孔、颈动脉管外口、颈静脉孔及其所分三部(前部、中间部、后部)的长径、宽径和面积等进行了测量,并研究了上述各孔左右面积的对称性。卵圆孔:左>右52.00±5.00%,右>左44.00±4.96%;棘孔:左>右53.00±4.99%,右>左42.00±4.96%;破裂孔:左>右50.00±5.00%,右>左46.00±4.98%;颈动脉管外口:左>右37.00±4.83%,右>左58.00±4.94%;颈静脉孔:左>右21.00±4.07%,右>左76.00±4.27%。而其前部:左>右47.00±4.99%,右>左50.00±5.00%;中间部:左>右46.00±4.98%,右>左37.00±4.83%;后部:左>右19.00±3.92%,右>左79.00±4.07%。颈静脉孔、颈静脉孔后部右>左的百分比明显地大于左>右的百分比(x分别为60.96,72.04)。本文还进一步研究了当孔两侧不对称时,左右面积的大小倍数关系。颅底孔的非对称性对临床有参考价值,面积的比较比常用的长、宽径比较更为正确、灵敏。为方便实用,本文列出了上述各孔由孔长径、宽径乘积推算孔面程的回归方程,并列出了由颈静脉孔长径、宽径乘积推算颈静脉孔后部面积的回归方程。

By means of a planimeter and skulls adjusted in the eye-ear plane,measurements of areas of the foramen ovale,spinosum,lacerum,jugulae and orifice of the canalis caroticus on both sides of the external surface of the skull base have been taken on 100 adult skulls collected in Chengdu.The symmetry of these areas has been studied.The main results of the study are given below:1.In 4%of the whole series,the area of the foramen ovale is approximately equal on the two sides and the difference in area between the two sides is less than 1%.In 44%,the right side is larger,and in 52%,the left is larger.2.In 5%of the whole series,the area of the foramen spinosum is approximately equal on the two sides.In 42%,the right side is larger,and in 53%,the left is larger.3.In 4%of the whole series,the area of the foramen lacerum is approximately equal on the two sides.In 46%,the right side is larger,and in 50%,the left is larger.4.In 3%of the whole series,the area of the foramen jugulae is approximately equal on the two sides.In 76%,the right side is larger,and in 21%,the left is larger.5.In 3%of the whole series,the area of the anterior part of the foramen jugulae is approximately equal on the two sides.In 50%,the right side is larger,and in 47%,the left is larger.6.In 17%of the whole series,the area of the intermediate part of the foramen jugulae is approximately equal on the two sides.In 37%,the right side is larger,and in 46%,the left is larger.7.In 2%of the whole series,the area of the posterior part of the foramen jugulae is approximately equal on the two sides.In 79%,the right side is larger,and in 19%,the left is larger.8.In 5%of the whole series,the area of the orifice of the canalis caroticus is approximately equal on the two sides.In 58%,the right side is larger,and in 37%,the left is larger.Moreover,a quantitative analysis of the bilateral areas has been carried out.The foramen area is highly positive in correlation With the product of its length and width.Therefore,the regression formulas of the areas are as follows:The foramen ovale-right,Y=1.5129+0.6699x(r=0.9417);left,Y=0.3695+0.6876x(r=0.8949).The foramen spinosum-right,Y=0.7827+0.6089x(r=0.8755);left,Y=0.3499+0.6695x(r=0.9207).The foramen lacerum-right,Y=9.4190+0.4480x(r=0.9147);left,Y=13.5198+0.4082x(r=0.8493).The foramen jugulaeright,Y=18.3913+0.5092x(r=0.8843);left,Y=11.3561+0.5744x(r=0.9193).The anterior part of the foramen jugulae-right,Y=3.3141+0.4858x(r=0.8330);left,Y=3.2294+0.4854x(r=0.8452)The intermediate part of the foramen jugulae-right,Y=2.5434+0.4311x(r=0.7942);left,Y=1.7547+0.5227x(r=0.8366).The posterior part of the foramen jugulae-right,Y=1.3470+0.6311x(r=0.8273);left,Y=0.9110+0.6586x(r=0.9480).The orifice of the canalis caroticus-right,Y=1.0986+0.6794x(r=0.9128);left,Y=1.5038+0.6590x(r=0.9219).(x is the product of the length and width of its foramen).