肘关节动脉血液供应的初步观察

PRELIMINARY OBSERVATIONS OF THE ARTERIAL SUPPLY OF THE ELBOW JOINT

本文研究了57侧肘关节动脉的血液供应。动脉起点以前、后支起始位置的变异较常见,且以尺返动脉居多。尺侧上副动脉和肱深动脉的共干是仅有的一种形式。个别动脉的本干、前支和后支可以为2支。明显的肘前和肘后两网由纯关节支和肌关节支组成,但两者在形态和功能上不如膝关节明确和重要。网的组成有主次来源和层次关系。各局部动脉网亦不发达,存有相对的乏血管区。肘前髁上和滑车上水平血管吻合丰富,围绕肘后二沟一窝呈“H”形的动脉网为其特征,连接左右纵干的横干所在髁水平,亦是血液供应最丰富的部位。可将动脉分成3组,两侧动脉口径和起点高度的差异不明显,但动脉口径之间和起点高度之间仍有规律可循。各动脉前、后支在口径和分布范围上的互补作用比较明显。

The arterial supply was studied on 57 elbow joints.Variations in the origin of articular branches were fairly often,with higher occurrence in the recurrent ulnar artery.Only the superior ulnar collateral artery and the deep brachial artery arose from a common stem.The types of branching involved"2-branch type".Distinct ventral and dorsal networks consisted of"pure articular branch"and"musculoarticular branch",but both were not so definite and significant as the articular branches of the knee joint morphologically as well as functionally.There were primary and secondary sources which were divided into superficial and deep layers in the formation of networks.The local arterial networks were by no means well developed,presenting relative"non-vascular area".Rich anastomoses were found at the levels of supracondylaris and supratrochlearis of the ventral cubitus.It was characteristic that the arterial network surrounded the two grooves and one concavity of the dorsal cubitus and appeared in"H"shape.This transverse trunk connecting the two longitudinal ones at the level of condylaris was also the site of richest blood supply Statistically the arteries might be divided into three groups.There was no terence between the two sides regarding the caliber and the level of origin but each might follow a certain rule.The anterior and posterior branches of each artery eooporated with each other both in caliber and extent of distribution.