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人体骶尾骨的动脉供应——骨外部分

THE ARTERIAL SUPPLY OF THE HUMAN SACRUM AND COCCYX——EXTRA- OSSEOUS PART
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摘要 本实验用解剖、透明、X线摄片和腐蚀铸型等方法研究了56例不同年龄新鲜尸体的骶尾骨骨外动脉的配布。骶骨的动脉供应主要来自骶外侧动脉、骶中动脉、髂腰动脉和腰最下动脉。骶中动脉、骶外侧动脉及其分支在骶骨腹侧面相互吻合形成骶前格子状动脉吻合网。椎管前支在椎间孔内侧分为升降二支,相邻升降支间在椎体背面相互吻合,两侧升降支间呈横形吻合。在骶椎椎体背侧形成菱形的骶管腹侧动脉网。椎管后支在椎板腹侧面亦分为升降二支,同侧及两侧升降支间在椎板腹侧形成梯状的骶管背侧吻合网。骶外侧动脉的背侧支出骶后孔即分为内侧支、肌支和外侧支。内侧支在骶中嵴两侧分为上下二支,相邻上下支之间形成骶中嵴动脉网。外侧支在骶骨外侧部分为升降二支,亦形成吻合。尾骨腹侧面的动脉来自骶中动脉和骶外侧动脉,背侧面主要由骶外侧动脉的终支供应。尾骨表面的动脉吻合稀少。 The arterial supply of the human sacrum and coccyx was studied on 56 fresh.cadavers of different ages by dissection,clearing,casting and radiography.All sacrums receive their blood supply from the lateral sacral arteries,the median sacral artery,the iliolumbar arteries and the fifth lumbar arteries.The median sacral artery,the lateral sacral arteries and their branches anastomose with each other and form the lattice anastomosis on the ventral surface of the sacrum.The anterior spinal canal branch bifurcates into an ascending and a descending branches.The former passes upwards to join the descending branch from the anterior spinal canal branch above it,they also anastomose with their contralateral counterparts,thus forming a rhombic system notable for its regularity.The posterior spinal canal branch also divides into an ascending and a descending branches and they join each other to dispose in a ladder anastomosis on the ventral surface of the laminae.The dorsal branch gives off three main sets of branches:the lateral,the medial and the muscular.The medial and the lateral branches both subdivide into an ascending and a descending branches and they anastomose with each other on the dorsal aspect of the sacrum.On the ventral surface,the coccyx obtains arterial supply from the median sacral artery and the lateral sacral arteries,while its dorsal surface mainly receives blood supply of the lateral sacral artery.Anastomosis has been found scarce on the ventral and dorsal surfaces of the coccyx.
作者 孙百强 俞寿民 Sun Baiqiang;Yu Shoumin(Department of Anatomy,Zhejiang Medical College,Hangzhou)
出处 《解剖学报》 CAS 1985年第2期118-124,共7页 Acta Anatomica Sinica
关键词 骶骨 尾骨 动脉供应 Sacrum Coccyx Arterial supply
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