摘要
本文观察了50具成年尸体(男43具,女7具)共100例臀大肌的形态以及血管神经供给。臀大肌的主要营养动脉,系由臀上动脉、臀下动脉以及股深动脉的第一穿动脉分支所供给。臀上动脉出梨状肌上孔处的管径,平均为3.14±0.8mm。该动脉出梨状肌上孔处的体表位置,恰在从坐骨结节向上至髂嵴垂直连线的中点,且以刚好位于垂直连线上的占多数(84%±3.66)。在100例臀大肌中,只有96例具有臀下动脉。它们出梨状肌下孔处的管径平均为3.52±0.74mm。该动脉出梨状肌下孔处的体表位置相当于上述垂直连线的下中三分之一交点的内侧,距离此线平均为15.29±0.45mm。根据臀上动脉与臀下动脉的分布范围,我们将臀大肌的动脉分布区分为5个类型:其中Ⅰ型有67例(67%);Ⅱ型有18例(18%);Ⅲ型有9例(9%);Ⅳ型有4例(4%);Ⅴ型有2例(2%)。40例臀大肌的伴行静脉中,臀上动脉的伴行静脉32例(80%)为二支,8例(20%)为一支;臀下动脉的伴行静脉,35例(87.5%)为二支,5例(12.5%)为一支。臀大肌由臀下神经供给,二支的较多(24例),一支和三支的次之(各8例)。它们的直径平均为1.69±0.05mm,长度平均为62.78±2.12mm,并且多从臀大肌的中部或下部进入肌内。
The blood-vessels,nerves and sizes of gluteus maximus muscle were studied in50 Chinese adult cadavers(43 males and 7 females).The dominant nutrient arteries of gluteus maximus are supplied by the superiorand inferior gluteal arteries,and the first perforating branch of the deepfemoralartery.The diameter of the superior gluteal artery,which emerges from the upper borderof the piriformis muscle,averages 3.14±0.80mm,and the surface representation ofthis artery situates at the middle point of the vertical line drawn from ischialtuberosity to the iliac crest,with 84%just on the vertical line.Among the 100 cases of gluteus maximus investigated,there are only 96 caseswith inferior gluteal artery.The diameter of the inferior gluteal artery,which emergesfrom the lower edge of the piriformis muscle,averages 3.52±0.74mm,the surfacerepresentation of this artery situates at the junction of the lower and middle thirdof the line mentioned above and medial to it,at a distance averageing 15.29±0.45mm.According to the distribution of the superior and inferior gluteal arteries,wehave divided them into five types:TypeⅠ67 cases(67%),TypeⅡ18 cases(18%).TypeⅢ9 cases(9%),TypeⅣ4 cases(4%)and TypeⅤ2 cases(2%).We have observed the accompanying veins of gluteus maximus in 40 cases,Among them,there are 32 cases(80%)of the superior gluteal artery with twoaccompanying veins,and 8 cases(20%)with only one accompanying vein.There are35 cases(87.5%)of the inferior gluteal artery with two accompanying veins,and 5cases(12.5%)with only one accompanying vein.The gluteus maximus is supplied by the inferior gluteal nerve.Among the 40cascs investigated,24 cases(60%)are with two branches of this nerve,8 cases(20%)with only one branch and 8 cases(20%)with three branches.Their diameter averages1.69±0.05mm and length averages 62.78±2.16mm.
作者
丁永善
熊树明
张生贵
刘龙平
Ding Yongshan;Xiong Shuming;Zhang Shenggui;Liu Longping(Department of Anatomy,Jiangxi Medical College)
出处
《解剖学报》
CAS
1983年第2期124-128,共5页
Acta Anatomica Sinica