用免疫酶技术对人类腭扁桃体免疫球蛋白定位的观察

LOCALIZATION OF IMMUNOGLOBULINS IN HUMAN PALATINE TONSILS BY MEANS OF IMMUNOENZYMATIC TECHNIQUE

用免疫酶技术对慢性扁桃体炎、增生肥大的腭扁桃体的免疫球蛋白定位作了观察,结果如下:1.上皮:扁桃体的外层衬有覆扁上皮,上皮少有角化并缺乏完好的基膜,在上皮的基部,上皮细胞索之间似有网状结构和间隙被Ig^(+)的淋巴和浆细胞所充满。网状结构近陷凹处特别明显。这种特殊结构被看作是一种重要的免疫功能的表现。在上皮的表层,主要是Ig^(-)的淋巴细胞,可能是T细胞。2.滤泡:所有滤泡都有一个生发中心,特别是增生肥大的扁桃体。滤泡有极性,每个滤泡可分为三个区(a、b、c),a、b两区组成滤泡中心,而第三区(c)由小淋巴细胞群呈“帽状”紧包中心。c区上界往往不清,因为上皮内存在大量淋巴细胞。在三个区中Ig^(+)细胞的分布不同,滤泡中心IgG^(+)细胞最多,IgA+细胞次之,而IgM^(+)细胞极少。在c区仅有少量Ig^(+)细胞(IgG、IgM)。生发中心产生一种以上的Ig,然而含有各种Ig的细胞数量有很大不同。3.其它淋巴组织:滤泡之间富有小的T淋巴细胞,含有少数Ig^(+)细胞,该区称为胸腺依赖区。年龄大的病人,该区扩大,但细胞密度减少,同时在间质中见有丰富的结缔组织。

Using immunoenzymatic technique,we have observed the localization ofimmunoglobulins in human palatine tonsils,of patients suffering from chronictonsilitis and hyperplasia.The result as follows:1.Epithelium:The outer surface of tonsil is lined by stratified squamous epithelium,the epithelium rarely shows keratinization and lacks a well-defind and continuousbasement membrane.In the basal layer of epithelium,it is reticular structure andspaces between the cords of epithelium cells are filled with Ig~+lymphocytes andplasma cells,the reticular structure is particularly pronounced near the crypts.Thisspecial structure is regarded as an expression of active immune function.In thesuperficial layer of epithelium,the predominate cells are Ig~-small lymphocytes,maybe T lymphocytes.2.Follicle:All follicles have germinal centres,especially hyperplastic tonsils.The follicle has polarity,each follicle may be divided into three Zones(a b c),twozones(a b)form the centre of the follicle and the thired(c)is the mass of smalllymphocytes“capping”and enclosing the centre.The upper limits of zone(c)areoften indistinct,from the presence of many lymphocytes in the epithelium.Thedistribution of Ig~+cells in follicle are different from their three zones.In the centre,IgG cells are most numerous,next most numerous are IgA~+cells,and considerablyfewer IgM positive cells.In the c zone,only a few Ig~+cells are seen(IgG IgM).Itis found that the germinal centre may produce more than one type of Ig,it differsfrom the report of Sordat,but quite agrees with Curran's result.However the numbersof cells containing the various types of Ig show a great difference.3.Other lymphoid tissue:The tissue between the follicles are rich in small Tlymphocytes and a few Ig~+containing cells,this area was called thymic dependentarea.At an older age,this region is always enlarged,but the density of the cellswill decrease,meanwhile much connective tissues are seen in the stroma.