食管癌上皮细胞(ECa109)的间期细胞与分裂细胞的扫描电镜和透射电镜的观察

SCANNING AND TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPIC OBSERVATIONS ON THE INTERPHASE AND MITOTIC ESOPHAGEAL CANCER EPITHELIAL CELLS(ECA 109)

本文应用透射及扫描电镜观察了ECa109细胞在细胞周期中的细胞表面与细胞器的变化,在细胞周期中的49小时为间期细胞,其外表为扁平形带有丰富的微绒毛。细胞外形不规则,在胞质中有中心粒、微管、粗面内质网、聚核蛋白体、张力原纤维与线粒体等细胞器。细胞核大而不规则,有1~2个核仁。而在仅占5(1/3)小时的分裂期中细胞外形由扁平变为球形、长柱形、哑铃形,最后分裂为两个细胞,细胞表面仍有较多的微绒毛、皱褶及球形小泡。在透射电镜观察下分裂中期细胞分为纺锤区与非纺锤区。前者位于细胞中央,电子致密度较低,细胞分裂器如染色体、纺锤管及中心粒均位于其间。在此区偶见线粒体,后者位于细胞周围,电子致密度较高,可见聚核蛋白体,粗面内质网、张力原纤维与线粒体等细胞器,偶见高尔基复合器。由本研究提出应用扁平细胞研究细胞的周期变化,特点突出便于观察。应用透射及扫描电镜观察ECa109细胞的周期变化不仅可阐明此种细胞的细胞生物特性,而且还可用此方法判定抗癌药物在细胞周期中的作用。另外还讨论了纺锤管、纤维足、棒状突以及细胞膜在调节细胞分裂中的作用。

The surface and ultrastructure of the interphase and mitotic ECa 109 esophagealcancer epithelial cells were investigated by means of scanning and transmission electronmicroscopes.The electron microscopies revealed that cells grown in culture haddifferent external appearances during the different phases of cell cycle.At interphase,the cells were flattened and irregular in shapes,the surface were covered with microvilli.Centrosome,tonofilaments,mitochondria could be found in the cytoplasm.The largeand irregular shaped nucleus was located at the centre.It had one or more nucleoli.During the mitotic phase the cells were spherical and they became first cylindricaland then dumb-bell in shapes,Finally,they divided into daughter cells.There werespindle area and non-spindle area in the cell.The former was at the center of thecell and the latter occupied the outer part of the cell.In the spindle area,thechromatin clumped and the centrioles were prominent,the chromosomes were close tothe equatorial plate.The spindle tubules were seen radiating from the centriole andattached to chromosome at the kinetochore,and among them there were a fewmitochondria.In the non-spindle area,the cell organelles could be observed but fewGolgi complex present.It was shown that many changes of the cells could be foundduring mitosis,and that the spindle-fibers,filopodia,rod-like elements and the cellmembranes might play an important role during mitosis.