颈椎骨测量在临床上的应用

MEASUREMENTS OF CERVICAL VERTEBRAE AND THEIR CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCES

本文对102例国人颈椎骨,从应用解剖学观点进行比较全面的测量,并提出测量方法。测量结果:1.颈椎椎管内径平均值:矢状径为15.47±1.11毫米,左右径为22.58±1.22毫米。2.椎体平均值:前后径为上面15.66±1.12毫米,下面16.28±1.14毫米,左右径:上面为24.16±1.21毫米,下面为22.85±1.24毫米。3.椎间孔平均值:长(宽度)为6.68±0.50毫米,高为7.85±0.54毫米。4.颈椎椎动脉沟宽度为5.71±0.48毫米。5.环椎椎动脉沟间距(后弓)平均值为38.83±1.92毫米。6.上关节突间距平均值为23.12±1.23毫米。7.齿突平均值:高为18.40±1.20毫米,宽为10.09±1.02毫米。8.椎动脉孔有多种变异,从骨性测量推测椎动脉由第六横突孔进入,本组占98%。颈椎各部测量与各类型颈椎病在诊治上有密切关系,掌握颈椎骨正常数值有助于获得更好疗效。

All the cervical vertebrae and the first thoracic vertebra(totalled 816 vertebrae)were measured from 102 sets of Chinese skeletons.The average values of the measurements of various aspects are reported as follows:(1)The antero-posterior and right-to-left diameters of the vertebral foramen were 15.47±1.11 mm and 22.58±1.22 mm respectively.(2)The antero-posterior diameters of the upper and lower surfaces of the vertebral body measured 15.66±1.12 mm and 24.16±1.12 mm and the left to right diameters measured 16.28±1.14 mm and 22.85±1.24 mm respectively.(3)The distance between the two superior articular processes was 23.12±1.23 mm.(4)The height and width of the dens of the axis were 18.40±1.20 mm and 10.09±1.02 mm respectively.(5)The width of the cervical intervertebral foramen was 6.68±0.50 mm,and its height was 7.85±0.54 mm.(6)The width of the vertebral arterial groove of the atlas was 5.71±0.48 mm.(7)Variations of the foramen of transverse process for the vertebral artery were observed,and their freguency of occurrence was reported.According to the criteria obtained,the diagnosis and the treatment of various types of cervical spondylosis are discussed.