家兔胃的迷走神经切断术对人造溃疡修复影响的实验形态学观察

MORPHOLOGICAL OBSERVATION OF THE EFFECT OF VAGOTOMY ON THE HEALING PROCESS OF THE ARTIFICIAL ULCER IN THE RABBIT STOMACH

本研究对10只家兔(其中3只为正常组,2只为对照组,5只为迷走神经切断组)进行了实验性观察,其结果如下:1.对照组动物的人造溃疡在择期杀死时均未痊愈,而迷走神经切断组动物的人造溃疡除两例实行胃前迷走神经切断术的动物未痊愈外,其余的均已痊愈。2.在电镜下观察,对照组动物的壁细胞和胃酶细胞与正常组动物的同类细胞相比,没有发生显著的改变。但迷走神经切断组动物与正常组和对照组动物的同类细胞相比,却发生了显著的退行性改变。壁细胞变化特点是,核呈现不同程度的浓缩和深染;细胞内小管的微绒毛变短变粗或萎缩,排列不规则,微绒毛间间隙加大;管囊泡明显扩张和稍显增多;线粒体嵴模糊不清;溶酶体增多;高尔基复合体变形。胃酶细胞变化特点是,核浓缩;酶原颗粒减少或排空;溶酶体增多;粗面内质网轻度扩张,排列紊乱呈网状,其上的核朊粒明显减少;高尔基复合体变形。3.作者在电镜下观察到家兔胃粘膜中存在着不同类型的嗜银细胞,尤以神经切断组动物内为多,其原因有待进一步研究。根据大体标本和电镜观察,本文为迷走神经切断术治疗溃疡病的机理提供了一定的形态学依据。

The effect of vagotomy on healing of artificial ulcer in the stomach of rabbits was studied.Artificial peptic ulcer was produced in 7 rabbits including 5 vagotomized and 2 without such operation.Gastric mucosa from these animals and 3 healthy rabbits were studied with electron microscopy.The results are summarized as follows:1.None of the artificial ulcers in the 2 control animals killed on the 21 st and 30th day after operation were completely healed.The artificial ulcers in the 5 vagoto-mized animals,however,3 were almost healed which were killed on the 17th,21st and 30th days after the operation,and 2 received pregastric vagotomy were not healed.2.Under the electron microscope,no obvious changes in the parietal and zymogenic cells were observed in the normal animals as well as those with peptic ulcer but with-out vogotomy.Degeneration in these cells appeared in the vagotomized animals.The changes taking place in the parietal cell mainly consisted of the following points:(1)Pyknosis,darkening and deformation in the nuclei occurred in various degrees.(2)The intracellular tubular microvilli were short,rough and irregularly arran-ged.(3)The tubular vesicula(multivesicular body)were greatly increased in number and dilated.(4)The cristae of mitochondria were illegible,lysosomes were increased in number and Golgi apparatus were deformed.The changes occurring in the zymogenic cells were described as following:Hyperpyk-nosis of the nuclei,reduction in number and emptiness in content of the zym-ogen granules,increase in number of the lysosomes,slightly dilated rough endoplasmic reticulum and its irregular arrangement in shape of network,great reduction in number of the ribosomes on the reticulum and deformation of Golgi appratus.3.Different types of the argentaffin cells were discovered in gastric mucosa under the electron microscope.The number of these cells greatly increased in the vagotomized animals and the reason for this needs further investigation.