三叉神经第三支及第二支与中枢神经核团的联系(面部穴位抑制内脏痛的实验形态学研究)

THE CONNECTIONS OF THE THIRD AND SECOND BRANCHES OF TRIGEMENAL NERVE WITH NEUCLEUS IN THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTFM(EXPERIMENTAL MORPHOLOGIC STUDIES ON THE INHIBITION OF VISCERAL PAIN BY FACIAL POINTS)

为了初步探讨针刺麻醉作胃大部切除手术时,针刺面部穴位(人中、承浆、新穴Ⅱ)对内脏痛反应有抑制效果的形态学基础,我们用实验形态学的方法做了下面的工作:分别损毁猫单侧三叉神经第Ⅲ支,第Ⅱ支及其相应的神经节,用改良Fink和Heimer溃变染色法染色,观察一级溃变纤维进入脑干后的联系。当损毁三叉神经第三支或是第二支及其相应的神经节后,其溃变纤维可下降至颈髓第三节的后外束及后角胶状质细胞,在脑干部分终止于同侧的三叉神经脊束核,网状结构、孤束及孤束核、巨细胞核及三叉神经感觉主核。此外,蓝斑细胞及缝隙核区亦可见到少量溃变纤维。以上实验结果初步证明了三叉神经第三支及第二支与巨细胞核、网状结构、孤束核有着形态学的联系,这种联系可认为是针刺面部穴位抑制内脏痛反应的形态学基础。蓝斑及缝隙核与三叉神经的联系问题有待进一步的研究。以上的实验形态学研究,对针刺面部穴位抑制内脏痛的效果提供了依据,对初步阐明针麻原理中体表内脏相关的学说,提供了重要的物质基础。

The morphological basis of the Inhibition of the visceral traction reflex and visceral pain in subtotal gastrectomy under acupuncture anesthesia by needling the facial points(Ren-zhong,Gheng-jang and New point Ⅱ)was studied by the following experiments.The second or third branches of unilateral trigeminal nerve and their associated ganglion were destroyed by heat in 8 cats,The animals were sacrificed after 7~8 days and their brains and spinal cords were fixed in 10%formalin.Modified Fink and Heimer’s method for degerating nerve fibers was processed on serial frozen sections of 30μ in thickness.After the injury of the second and third branches of the trigeminal nerve,the degenerating nerve fibers were observed in Lissaur’s tractus and Rolando substance at the third cervical level in the spinal cord and in the nucleus tractus spinalis N.trig-emini,reticuloformation,nucleus tractus solitaris,giganto-cellularis,and nucleus sensor-ius N.trigemini in the brain stem.A few degenerative fibers were observed in Locus coeruleus and nucleus raphas.The above results show that the second and third branches of the trigeminal nerve may have connections with nucleus gigantocellularis,reticuloformation and nucleus tractus solitaris,and these connection may be involved in the inhibition of visceral pain by needling the facial points in acupuncture anesthesia during gastric resection.The presence of degenerating nerve fibers in locus coeruleus and nucleus raphas needs further studies.