国人的心房动脉(二) 心房动脉的吻合

THE ATRIAL ARTERY IN CHINESEⅡ.ANASTOMOSIS OF THE ATRIAL ARTERIES

一、本文在80例(17~95岁)心脏上观察了心房动脉的吻合支的起源、走行及吻合的位置,并测量了吻合的直径。二、在80例心脏中出现心房壁吻合的有34例,其中1例属心外冠状动脉与心房动脉的吻合,同一心脏上二个局部出现吻合的有19例。三、吻合多见的部位是左心房后壁,23例次(43.40%);房间隔13例次(24.53%);心房前壁13例次(24.53%);右房外侧壁及上腔静脉口附近出现较少,各见到2例次(3.77%)。四、吻合的直径:在铸型标本,100~200微米占52.6%,200~300微米占23.7%,100微米以下15.8%,300~500微米7.9%。剥制标本,100微米以下占42.1%,100~200微米占26.3%,200~300微米15.8%,300~530微米15.8%。成年人心房动脉分支间吻合的出现以及口径的大小不随年龄的增长而增加。五、房室结动脉的吻合支起自该动脉靠近房室结的部位。当冠状动脉疾病时,这种吻合支的起点对房室结的供血可能是有利的。六、由于正常吻合口径的差异及参与形成吻合的吻合支的多样性,如二吻合支形成的吻合,三吻合支形成的吻合,四吻合支形成的吻合,这些吻合的形态学特征,可能对冠状动脉疾病的预后有密切的联系。七、本文发现3例冠状动脉的心室支分支参加心房壁的动脉吻合。

1.There were 80 heart specimens(age:17~95,with no marked pathological chauges)used to observe the origin,course and the site of anastomosis of the atrial arteries.2.Within the 80 specimens there are 34 hearts with anastomoses,and the frequen-cies of the anastomoses are 53,including one case of anastomosis between an artery of extracorary origin and the atrial artery.3.The commonest site of the anastomosis is the posterior wall of the left atrium,there are 23 cases(43.40%)within the 53.The other sites are the base of interatrial septum,13 cases(24.53%);anterior wall of the atrium,13 cases(24.53%);the lateral wall of the right atrium and the orifice the superior vena cava being 2 cases respecti-vely(3.77%).4.The diameters of the anastomosis are as follows:In the A.B.S.casts:We have measured the anastomotic diameter in 38 cases.Most of them are within the range of 100~200μm in 20 cases(52.6%),200~300μm in 9 cases(23.6%).In dissecting specimens:Within the measured 19 cases,50~100μm in 8 cases(42.1%),100~200μm in 5 cases(26.3%),200~300μm in 3 cases(15.8%),300~500μm in 3 cases(15.8%).Among the adult hearts,it seems that the diameter of the anastomosis and the site of the anastomosis are not increased by advancement of the age.5.The origin of the anastomotic branch of the A-V node artery is near the A-V node.This is very important for the blood supply of A-V node,when there is patholo-gical changes of the coronary artery.6.Since there is a great range of variation in the diameter of the anastomosis and the formation of the anastomosis,such as two-branches-form,three-branches-form,four-branches-form,or network-like anastomosis,perhaps,the morphological charact-eristics of the anastomosis is closely related with the pathogensis of coronary artery.7.In this set of specimen,we have observed three cases in which the ventricular branches of the coronary artery joined the anastomosis on the wall of the atrium.