股深动脉及旋股内、外侧动脉的观察

OBSERVATIONS ON THE DEEP AND CIRCUMFLEX FEMORAL ARTERIES IN CHINESE

就西南地区400例(男298、女102)成人尸体观察了股深动脉及其主要分支的情况,据此将股深动脉分为六型,深全干型为常见型,占63.5±2.41%;深外干型、深内干型次之;深孤独干型为少见型。各型的出现率与国内的报导基本一致;中国人与日本人之间也无差异;中国人与欧美人之间深全干型、深外干型出现率有明显差异。本文未发现各型股深动脉之间存在男女性的差别和左右侧的差别。股深动脉以起源于股动脉的后侧壁最多,占45±2.48%。本文测量了股深动脉起点距股动脉起点的距离,其中深全干的距离在男性为3.38±1.038厘米;在女性为2.49±0.939厘米。在100例标本测量了股动脉和股深动脉、旋股动脉的管径,股动脉在腹股沟韧带处的管径,平均为0.95±0.211厘米;股深动脉的管径,平均为0.71±0.108厘米。本文在369例标本中观察了旋股外侧动脉的升支和降支与隐神经和股内侧肌神经的关系。动脉与神经的关系可分为10种型式。股内侧肌神经通常分为近侧支和远侧支,此二支神经与动脉的关系有时并不一致,此点尚未见其他作者报导。在287例标本上观察了大隐静脉汇入股静脉的平面与股深动脉起点平面的关系,以大隐静脉末端低于股深动脉起点的为多数,占48.8±2.95%。从296例标本中发现10例深内干或旋股内侧动脉跨过股静脉的前面。

The mode of branches of the deep femoral artery on 400(298 males,182 females)Chinese lower limbs were observed.According to the origin of the branches of the deepfemoral artery,it could be classified into six types.Among them,type I(63.5%)wasfound to be the prevailing pattern.There were no statistical differences present between the male and female,right andleft.The racial differences were not found between Chinese and Japanese,but it wassignificant between Chinese and European in typeⅠandⅡ.Most of the deep femoral arteries(typeⅠ)were found to be originated from thefemoral artery at the place of 3.38 cm in male and 2.49 cm in female from the inguinalligment.The calibers of the beginning of the femoral and deep femoral arteries in 100 caseswere measured,the diameter of the femoral artery was 0.95 cm,and of the deep femoralwas 0.71 cm.The relationship of the ascending and descending branches of the lateral femoral circumflex artery with the nerve saphenous and nerve to the M.vastus medialis wereexamined.The level of the great saphenous vein ends into the femoral vein was found lowerthan the level of the origin of the deep femoral artery in our specimens,it was not thesame as text-book described.