短膊畸胎的脊髓前角细胞群及其与上肢发育的关系

THE ANTERIOR HORN CELLS OF A PHOCOMELUS IN RELATION TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE UPPER LIMBS

作者观察了短膊畸胎的上肢外形及脊髓颈膨大的内部结构,并与正常胎儿比较。切片观察二胎的颈膨大灰白二质的形势和前角运动细胞的数量,得到以下的结果:根据短膊畸胎的上肢和脊髓变态发育的对应,我们推定在正常情况下前角外侧细胞群(前外侧柱、中外侧柱、后外侧柱、中央柱)等支配上臂、前臂以及肩部的一些肌肉。畸胎前外侧柱、中外侧桂、后外侧柱、中央柱的细胞形小,数目显著减少,于是后后外侧柱就孤居于后外角中。后后外侧柱应是支配指肌的中枢。又因后后外侧柱连接后外柱的成分,所以它似兼管指肌和前臂肌(掌腕部)。

We studied the gross anatomy of the upper limbs and inner structure of the cervical enlargement of the spinal cord of a phocomelus,in comparison with a normal fetus.The sections of the two spinal cords were compared as to the configuration of the white and gray matters and the relative magnitude of the motor cells in the anterior horn of the cervical enlargement.From the correspondance of the abnormal conditions of the upper limbs and the spinal cord in the phocomelus,it may be inferred that the lateral cell groups(antero-lateral,medio-lateral,postero-lateral and central)of the anterior horn normally supply the muscles of the upper and fore-arm and the shoulder region.The antero-lateral,medio-lateral,postero-lateral and central columns are small in size and few in cells;thus,the retroposterolateral column lies solitarily in the postero-lateral angle of the anterior horn.It should be the center of the digital muscles.As the retropostero-lateral column over laps partly the postero-lateral column,so it supplies jointly the muscles of the fingers and the fore-arm.