国人外耳道上棘的初步观察

A PRELIMINARY STUDY OF THE SUPRAMEATAL SPINE OF CHINESE CRANIA

外耳道上棘是耳科临床上在施行与乳突和鼓窦有关手术时一重要骨性标志,它的显著与否对手术进行的顺利起着一定的作用。本文对国人外耳道上棘的性别和年龄特征作了观察。本文观察了442侧国人颅骨的外耳道上棘,其中256侧属于成年男性,142侧属于成年女性,44侧属于未成年的男女。将外耳道上棘出现的不同情况分为最显、显著、微显、不显四型。观察结果,最显和显著两型都是成年男性(17.97%和41.80%)高于成年女性(5.63%和20.42%),而微显型和不显型则适得其反。未成年男女的外耳道上棘都是发育较差,不显型有52.29%、微显型40.91%、显著型只有6.82%,无最显型。经过统计处理证明外耳道上棘的性别和年龄差别均显著。侧差均不显著。

A total of 442 cases(adult male 256 cases,adult female 142 cases and young specimens of both sexes 44 cases)of suprameatal spines of 225 chinese crania,217 bilaterally and 8 unilaterally,were investigated.They are divided into 4 types according to the degree of development in a decreasing order as 1.markedly developed,2.well developed,3.slightly developed and 4.undeveloped.The percentage of markedly developed and well developed types is much higher in male adults(17.9%and 41.80%respectively)than in the female adults(5.63%and 20.42%respectively),while the percentage of slightly developed and undeveloped types is reversely much higher in female adults(61.97%and 11.97%respectively)than in male adults(35.94%and 4.30%respectively).In young cadavers of both sexes 52.27%of the cases are not developed,40.91%slightly developed,only 6.82%well developed and none markedly developed.The results obtained show statistically the existence of age and sexual differences in the development of the suprameatal spines.They are better developed in male adults than in female adults and in adults than in non-adults.The suprameatal spine is an important bony land mark for operations upon the tympanic antrum of the midde ear,so its exact state of development and location be becomes prime importance for the surgeons.