国人第7—第10肋前端連接的一般覌察

THE CONNECTIONS OF THE VENTRAL EXTREMITIES OF THE SEVENTH TO TENTH RIBS IN THE CHINESE

我們对国人下位肋骨的构造,观察了200具尸体(成人尸与童尸各100具),一、左右第10肋为对称游离的(即左右有三对游离肋)有159例,占79.5%,其中成人尸为79例,童尸为80例。在159例中尚可見:在第10对肋对称的游离的情况下,第9肋亦为对称游离的有12例(即左右有四对游离肋),其中成人尸6例,量尸6例;不对称的游离(即一側为三对游离肋,一側为四对游离肋)①右側7例,其中成人尸4例,童尸3例。②左侧1例(童尸)。二、左右第10肋有不对称游离的(即一側为三对游离肋,一側为二对游离肋):1.左側第10肋为游离的有11例,占5.5%,其中成人尸5例,童尸6例。2.右側第10肋为游离的有6例,占3%,其中成人尸3例,童尸3例。三、左右第10对肋为附着肋,11、12对肋为对称游离的,仅有24例,占12%,其中成人尸13例,量尸11例。除了对第9、10作了观察以外,我們还对第7、第8肋也作了观察。結果如下:一、第8肋有与胸骨相結合,成为真肋的。其中并有两侧对称与不对称之分。两侧对称的有7例,占3.5%(男3例,女4例),不对称的15例,占7.5%,其中右側的9例(男5例,女4例),左侧的6例(男2例女4例)。表明具有第8肋真肋的,单侧的較双侧的多,单側的例子中右侧的較多于左侧。二、第7肋有不与胸骨結合,而与第6肋軟骨結合,成为假肋的,这种对称6对真肋的例子,我們共发現了3例,占1.5%,男2例,女1例。

The connections of the ventral extremities of the seventh to the tenth ribs in the Chinese were studied on 100 adult(68 male,32 female)and 100 children(38 male,62 female)cadavers.The results were as follows:1.Of the 200 cases observed,the tenth ribs were free at their ventral ends bilaterally in 159 cases(79.5%),and unilaterally(6 right,11 left)in 17 cases(8.5%).In the remaining 24 cases(12%),the tenth rib was connected to the cartilage of the ninth rib as usually described.In the 159 specimens,the ninth ribs were also free symmetrically in 12 cases(6%)and asymmetrically(7 right and 1 left)in 8 cases(4%).In the latter cases there were 4 pairs of floating ribs on one side and 3 pairs on the other.2.In 22(11%)of the 200 cases the eighth ribs were connected at their ventral extremities(7 bilaterally,15 unilaterally),through the mediation of the costal cartilage,with the sternum to form a true rib.3.Out of the 200 cadavers,there were 3 cases(1.5%)in which both of the ventral ends of the seventh ribs were not connected with the sternum,but with the cartilage of the sixth rib to form a false rib.