黄胸鹀主动脉体的结构及其神经供给

THE STRUCTURE AND INNERVATION OF THE AORTIC BODY OF THE YELLOW-BREASTED BUNTING

在人和哺乳动物的主动脉与肺动脉之间的结缔组织内,存在着一种由类上皮细胞组成的结构。这种结构首先由Penitschka^([1,2])所发现,它先后被这位捷克学者命名为主动脉嗜铬体和心上主动脉嗜铬体(1930,1931)。在鸟类,与之相当的结构,曾经由Palme^([3])和Nonidez^([4])研究过。

The present study has employed serial sections of the hearts of the yellow-breastedbuntings(Emberiza aureola)made by the silver-impregnation method of Cajal-Faworsky.A staining method for chromaffin cells has also been used.Microscopic examinationrevealed the following facts.(1)The aortic bodies of the yellow-breasted buntings are situated in the con-nective tissue between the ascending aorta and the pulmonary artery at the base of theheart as in the case of mammals.They contain no chromaffin cells,so it is unjustifiableto call them paraganglia.(2)The aortic body receives an extraordinarily rich innervation.Complicated peri-and intra-glomic plexuses are formed by strongly argyrophilic nerve fibers.Filaments aresent from these plexuses to the surface of the epithelioid cells in the form of terminalrings or enlargements.(3)All the nerve fibers in the aortic body are sensory elements of the vagus nerve.No symathetic postganglionic fibers are found.The characteristics of the structure andinnervation of the aortic body indicate that it is similar to the carotid body as a chemo-receptor.(4)The aortic body is closely associated with the intramural cardiac ganglion,inwhich epithelioid cells are sometimes found.The presence of complicated nerve fiberconnections between the aortic body and the cardiac ganglion suggests a local reflexmechanism from the chemoreceptors to the heart tissue helping in the cardiac action.