坐骨动脉的遗存

PERSISTENCE OF ISCHIADIC ARTERY

关于坐骨动脉遗存的记载迄目前止总共不过23例,其中:欧洲人13例,中国人1例,日本人7例,美洲人2例。欧洲人13例是根据Senior氏(1925)[1]的记载,中国和日本共有8例是由Nakamura氏1956[2]论著中所记载,其中一例是我国人的材料.

Up to the present,23 cases with persistence of ischiatic artery have been recorded;among these,13 were Europeans,7 Japanese,1 Chinese and two Americans.No such anomaly is recorded is Chinese medical literature.The only above mentioned Chinese anomaly was studied by Adachi,a Japanese scholar.The present case was discovered in December,1956,during dissection of the cadaver of a child of about nine years old.The ischiadic artery,in the lower right extremity,is not very large,and shows distinct anastomosis with the femoral artery.Persistence of ischiadic artery has to some extent influ-enced the normal course of the veins and nerves of the right lower extremity,but no effects were observed on the left lower extremity although many muscular branches issue from the ischiadic artery to supply the posterior femoral muscles,yet the branches are comparatively small.The blood supply of the posterior femoral muscles mainly depends on the femoral artery.This fact proves that the size and the function of the femoral arteries are closely related.Similar to the previous records,there is,a normally developed inferior gluteal artery.This would indicate that the inferior gluteal artery is not a terminal branch of the ischiadic artery,but is a side or collateral branch.The positions of veins are abnormal too.The popliteal vein occupies the position of the second and the third perforating veins.This popliteal vein issues two veins accompanying the popliteal artery and the passes through adductor magnus to become the deep femoral vein.It is possibly that the abnormal development of the artery in embryonic stage causes the anomalies of the veins.