切断坐骨神经后脊神经节细胞的变化

OBSERVATIONS ON THE HISTOCHEMICAL CHANGES IN THE SPINAL GANGLION CELLS FOLLOWING SECTION OF THE SCIATIC NERVE

1.本实验系切断大白鼠坐骨神经后,用多种组织学和组织化学方法观察脊神经节细胞内一些细胞器和化学成分的变化。2.切断坐骨神经后24小时到14天,细胞体积逐渐缩小,核移往细胞周围,染色质溶解。14天后转入恢复时期,体积逐渐增大,核移回细胞中央,尼氏体形成。3.脊神经节细胞的染色质溶解在早期有二种不同形式,溃变反应较快的细胞,核外移也较早,染色质溶解向细胞中央进行。溃变反应较慢的细胞,核最初仍在细胞中央,染色质溶解在细胞周围发生,不久核也外移,细胞中央尼氏体随着也减少。4.细胞恢复时核糖核酸首先在核附近增多,细颗粒出现,逐渐增大而具有脊神经节的尼氏体的形状。5.切断坐骨神经后脊神经节细胞的线粒体增大,着色增深,数量在3天时一度减少,不久又增多,并聚集在细胞中央。细胞恢复时逐渐回复正常。6.高尔基体在3天时移往细胞周围,随着核的外移又聚集在细胞中央,断裂成短杆状。细胞恢复早期还在核四周,较迟才逐渐分散。7.随着细胞溃变发展酸性磷酸酶在细胞中央增强,6天时已很显著。细胞恢复时期核四周仍很强,直到恢复后期才回复正常。8.细胞溃变时核膜和尼氏体环碱性磷酸酶增强。细胞质的酶降低,细胞恢复时逐渐增多,回复正常。9.细胞溃变时磷脂增多,10天时最显著,聚集在细胞中央。细胞恢复时逐渐回复正常。10.脊神经节细胞的细胞质反应是阳性,切断周围突起后略见增强。11.细胞溃变时并没有中性脂物质出现。12.细胞溃变和恢复早期硫氢基在细胞中央、核膜和尼氏体环等处增强。细胞恢复时逐渐回复正常。13.Millon反应也在细胞中央和尼氏体环处增深。14.对于尼氏体、线粒体、磷酸酶、磷脂、硫氢基等细胞器和化学成分的机能关系曾作讨论。

The sciatic nerve of adult albino rats was first cut and the spinal ganglia of Land Lwere prepared later for microscopic study.The acid and alkaline phosphatases were prepared by MacDonald’s and Danielli’s modifications of Gomori’s methods respectively.We used methyl green-pyronin for ribonucleic acid(RNA);Baker’s acid haematein for phospholipids;Faire and Wolfe’s basic fuchsin for mitochondria and both osmic acid and uranium nitrate for Golgi apparatus.Some of the cells began to show eccentric nucleus and central chromatoly-sis as early as 24 hours after the operation.Others maintained a central nuc-leus and a peripheral chromatolysis even on the third day.Nearly all the cells manifested eccentric nuclei and central chromatolysis on the 6th day.During recovery,the RNA began to increase around the nucleus.It appeared as fine granules at first and became gradually consolidated into the form of Nissl bo-dies.The mitochondria in the injured cells were enlarged and stained deeper.They were increased in number and gathered in the central part of the cell in the degenerating period.The Golgi apparatus was first seen at the periphery of the cell,it then migrated to the center and broke into short rods when the nucleus became eccentric.The activity of acid phosphatase was heightened in the central part of the cell during degeneration and in the early stage of recovery,while the alkaline phosphatase of the cytoplasm was less active.The phospholipid was increased in amount and concentrated at the center of the cell.No neutral fat was found.Plasmal reaction of the cytoplasm show-ed to be stronger than the normal.Besides the changes described above,it was found that the sulphydryl groups were increased in amount in the central part of the cytoplasm.Here the Millon reaction was more intense than the normal.The funetional relationships of the above mentioned organoids and chernical constituents were discussed.