脂质代谢途径调控种子粒重的研究进展

Research into the regulation of seed weight by lipid metabolism

玉米(Zea mays L.)是我国重要的粮食、饲料和经济作物。百粒重(100-kernel weight,KW)是产量的重要决定因子。因而KW的遗传及分子调控的研究对提高玉米的产量是最经济和最有效的途径。脂质代谢可以通过调控胚乳细胞大小、命运以及营养物质的积累,最终决定玉米粒重。本文侧重阐述了脂质代谢通过调控网状样蛋白(reticulon-like protein,RIP)和过氧化物酶(peroxiredoxin,Prx)抑制活性氧(reactive oxygen species,ROS)的积累和影响细胞凋亡,以及磷脂酸(phosphatidic acid,PA)和二脂酰甘油(diacylglycerol,DAG)介导吲哚乙酸(indoleacetic acid,IAA)信号调控细胞伸长,从而调控玉米粒重的研究进展,以期为玉米粒重的遗传研究提供基因,为KW玉米分子育种提供新途径和新基因资源。

Maize(Zea mays L.)is an important food,feed and cash crop in China.100-kernel weight(KW)is an important determinative factor of yield.Therefore,research into the genetic and molecular regulation of KW is the most economical and effective way to improve yield in maize.Lipid metabolism can determine the KW of maize by regulating the size and fate of endosperm cells and the accumulation of nutrients.This paper focuses on the research progress that lipid metabolism inhibits the accumulation of reactive oxygen species(ROS)and affects apoptosis by regulating reticulon-like protein(RIP)and peroxiredoxin(Prx).It regulates indoleacetic acid(IAA)signal regulation of cell elongation mediated by phosphatidic acid(PA)and diacylglycerol(DAG),thus regulates research progress of maize kernel weight,in order to provide genes for genetic research of maize kernel weight and new pathways and genes for molecular breeding of KW maize.