清西苑金鳌玉蝀桥“桥景”分析

“Bridge Landscapes”:An Analysis of Jin’ao Yudong Bridge in Winter Palace(Xiyuan) in Qing Dynasty

中国古典园林中的桥是园林景致的核心要素,又是园林格局的关键枢纽,还是传统文化的重要载体。清代皇家园林西苑中的桥景非常丰富,金鳌玉蝀桥是其中的重要代表。本文通过文献考证和实地调研,从观桥成景、立桥观景、过桥换景、因桥生境四个方面对金鳌玉蝀桥的桥景进行分析,并总结其景观设计模式。

The bridge in Chinese classical garden is not only the core element of garden,but also a key hub of garden pattern and the important carrier of traditional culture.In the Qing dynasty,the bridge landscapes in Winter Palace(Xiyuan)is abundant,and Jin’ao Yudong Bridge is an important example.Through literature research and field investigation,this paper analyzes the bridge landscapes of Jin’ao Yudong Bridge from four aspects:bridge as the scenery,scenery from the bridge,scenery conversion by the bridge,and bridge as the artistic conception.At the last,the author summarizes the patterns of bridge landscapes.