中国权利导向型金融监管法制的塑造

The Shaping of China’s Rights-oriented Financial Supervision Legal System

中国金融监管法制经历了从控制导向型向兼顾合规导向、风险导向和权利导向的综合型金融监管法制转换,并且其权利维护倾向愈加凸显,如金融领域逐渐向民营资本开放、普惠金融理念走向实践以及金融领域消费者合法权益的保护等。在金融监管法制变迁中,权利被维护的对象已经从单一的金融服务供给主体向兼顾金融服务供给主体和金融服务接受主体双方权利转变,传统上主要是从金融监管机构与金融服务机构间关系的角度来看待权利维护问题,而新兴的金融监管模式开始将金融服务对象纳入其中,即通过金融监管机构、金融服务机构、金融服务对象三方法律关系来分析金融服务对象或金融服务接受者的权利维护问题。其中,相较于金融监管机构与金融服务机构双方法律关系构造,融入金融服务接受者之三方法律关系的金融监管法制构造,其根本旨趣是为了矫正金融服务机构与金融服务对象之地位、能力等不平衡的问题,以更好地维护金融服务接受者的合法权益。

China’s financial supervision legal system has undergone a transformation from control-oriented to compliance-oriented,risk-oriented and rights-oriented.Among them,rights protection function is becoming more and more obvious,such as the financial sector is gradually opening to private capital,the concept of inclusive finance is going to practice,and the legitimate rights protection of financial consumers.In the transformation of financial supervision legal system,the aim of rights protection has changed from single financial service providers to a balance between financial service providers and financial service recipients.Originally,the protection of rights was mainly viewed from the perspective of relationship between financial regulators and financial service providers,but now the emerging financial supervision model has begun to include financial service recipients.The rights protection of financial service recipients is analyzed through the legal relationship between financial regulators,financial service providers and financial service recipients.Compared with the legal relationship between financial regulators and financial service providers,the new financial supervision legal system that integrates financial service recipients is mainly to correct the imbalance of the status and capabilities of financial service providers and financial service recipients,to better safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of financial service recipients.