中日两国谚语中比喻法的比较研究

中日两国的谚语中均使用了明喻、隐喻、借喻这三大类的修辞手法。由本体、喻体、比喻词三部分组成的一般形式的明喻是两国共有的,由比喻句和解说句两句构成的解说式明喻为中国谚语独有,日本谚语则是用明喻的替代表达以简化其结构。两国谚语都使用了判断句式的隐喻,而中国谚语使用了日本谚语中没有的并列句式的隐喻和解说式的隐喻。借喻手法的运用使两国谚语生动明快,用对喻体的直接描述来说明道理。

In Chinese and Japanese proverbs,simile,metaphor and metonymy are used.The general form of simile,which consists of noumenon,simile and simile,is common to both countries.The interpretive simile,which consists of figurative sentences and two sentences,is unique to Chinese proverbs,while Japanese proverbs use the alternative expression of simile to simplify their structure.Both proverbs use the metaphor of judging sentence patterns,while Chinese proverbs use the metaphor of juxtaposed sentence patterns and the metaphor of conciliation that are not found in Japanese proverbs.The use of metonymy makes the proverbs in both countries vivid and lively,and explains the truth with the direct description of the metonymy.