金文所见成王、周公东征史地考

Geographical Research into King Cheng and Duke Zhou’s Eastern Expedition as Recorded in Bronze Inscription

小臣单觯所记“成师”与■方鼎所记“丰”“尃古”皆为成王、周公东征行经之地。其中,“成师”位于郕叔武所封成地,地处今汶水流域的宁阳县北一带;“丰”指古丰国,位于今莱芜一带;“尃古”即薄姑氏,位于今山东博兴县一带。成王、周公东征以灭奄为界,分为先后两阶段。成王东征从商邑出发,由今河南北部进入山东西部地区,途经济水、汶水流域,抵达成师,再由此南下曲阜,征伐商奄。周公东征是在灭奄之后,由曲阜北上莱芜盆地,征伐丰国,再经山间谷道穿越泰鲁沂山脉进入山东北部,征伐薄姑氏。

“Chengshi”recorded on the bronzeware item Xiaochen Danzhi and“Feng”and“Fugu”on the square Tripod Fengbo Ding referred to the places that King Cheng and Duke Zhou passed through on their eastern expedition.Among them,“Chengshi”is located in today’s northern area of Ningyang County of Wenshui River Basin,which was at the time Cheng Shuwu’s fiefdom.“Feng”refers to the ancient Feng Kingdom,located in the present Laiwu region;and“Fugu”,also called the Bogu’s or the Bogu Clan,is located in today’s Boxing County of Shandong Province.The eastern expedition of King Cheng and Duke Zhou fell into two stages,with the destruction of Yan Kingdom as the dividing line.Starting from Shangyi,King Cheng’s eastern campaign entered the western region of Shandong from northern Henan,passed through the Jihe River and Wenshui River basins,arrived at Chengshi,and then headed south to Qufu to conquer the Yan Kingdom of Shang Dynasty.After the collapse of Yan,Duke Zhou marched north from Qufu up to the Laiwu Basin to conquer Feng Kingdom,and then traversed the intermountain valleys of the Tai-Lu-Yi Mountain Range into northeast Shandong to defeat the Bogu Clan.