高仙芝远征小勃律的路线——实地考察基础上的复原

Route of Gao Xianzhi’s Expedition to Little Bolor——Route Restoration Based on Field Investigation

小勃律是唐朝遏制吐蕃向西域扩张之要地,在开元年间被吐蕃控制。天宝六载,唐玄宗令安西副都护、四镇都知兵马使高仙芝远征小勃律。基于实地考察和史料分析,可以复原此次远征的路线:远征军从安西出发,行经疏勒,向西南进入了唐代丝绸之路的干道剑末谷,随后翻越青山岭、青岭、不忍岭,到达葱岭守捉,又继续西行,经播密川远距离绕行至唐附属国五识匿,后兵分3路,取道北谷、赤佛堂路以及护密国,会师攻克吐蕃占据的连云堡,然后南下翻越坦驹岭,攻克小勃律首都孽多城,经赤佛堂路返回连云堡,再次取道播密川凯旋。远征军巧妙利用了丝绸之路的传统路线,克服了高原补给困难和水文环境的严峻挑战,最终取得了胜利,不仅巩固了唐朝在西域的军事地位,也为后世提供了宝贵的军事地理资料。

This paper,based on field investigations and meticulous historical data analysis,focuses on the restoration of the marching route and key geographical landmarks of Gao Xianzhi’s expedition to Little Bolor in the Tang Dynasty.The expedition started from the Western Regions,passed through the Congling Post,crossed the Pamir Plateau,and finally reached Little Bolor.Important landmarks along the way included places such as Jianmogu Valley,Qingshanling Ridge,Qingling Mount,Buren Pass and Chifotang as well as the Great Pamir Valley.Gao Xianzhi’s troops skillfully utilized the traditional routes of the Silk Road,overcoming the challenges of plateau supply and hydrology and demonstrating excellent strategic planning and command capabilities.The victory of this expedition not only consolidated the Tang Dynasty’s military position in the Western Regions but also provided valuable military geographical data for later generations.