侵华日军细菌战第100部队组织结构再考——基于俄罗斯国家军事档案馆藏苏联伯力审判档案

Re-examination of Organizational Structure of 100th Unit of Japanese Invading Army's Bacterial Warfare in China——Based on USSR Khabarovsk Trial Records in Russian National Military Archives

侵华日军第100部队是以家畜和植物为主要研究对象的细菌战部队,根据苏联伯力审判档案中高桥隆笃、平樱全作等原第100部队成员的供述可知:除没有编号的总务部外,第100部队本部分为4个部,即第1部(研究部)、第2部(生产部)、第3部(实验部)、第4部(供应部)。研究部主要负责研究病因与病原,并从事防疫工作;供应部为其他部门提供实验材料、药物、化学品并豢养大量动物;生产部和实验部分别下设6个分部和5个分部。另外,第100部队还下辖大连支队和拉古支队。1941年7月各军团成立的军团兽疫部队在业务上亦归100部队领导。2630部队长春总部与海拉尔支队汇集到克山以后,亦被视为100部队的分支,与拉古支队、军团兽疫部队同为实施细菌战的主体。

The 100th Unit of the Japanese Invading Army in China(Unit 100)was a bacterial warfare corps whose main experimental subjects were livestock and plants.According to confessions given by Takahashi Takaatu,Hirakura Zensaku and other former Unit 100 members,which were recorded in USSR's Khabarovsk Trial files preserved in the Russian National Military Archives,there is detailed information about the organizational structure and operation of this germ corps.In addition to General Division which was unnumbered,Unit 100 was composed of four departments:Department 1(Research Department),Department 2(Production Department),Department 3(Experimental Department)and Department 4(Supply Department).The main focus of Research Department was the study of causes and pathogens,and was engaged in epidemic prevention.The Supply Department provided experimental materials,drugs,chemicals for other departments and kept a large number of animals.The Production Department and the Experimental Department were divided into 6 and 5 divisions respectively.Besides,Unit 100 had the Dalian Detachment and the Lagu Detachment;and the Legionnaires’Epizootic Corps,formed in July 1941,were also placed under its operational leadership.The 2630 Corps headquarters in Changchun and the Hailar Detachment were also regarded as Unit 100 branches when they combined in Keshan,and were the main bodies of bacterial warfare along with the Lagu Detachment and the Legionnaires’Epizootic Corps.