南京国民政府前期海军购(造)舰规划考察

Naval Shipbuilding Plan in Early Period of Nanjing National Government

南京国民政府前期(1927—1937年),海军希望以“小舰主义”进行建设,形成一支以巡洋舰为旗舰,驱逐舰和潜艇为鱼雷攻击主力,飞机及母舰为航空支援,江防炮舰和布雷舰艇为辅助的海军舰队,并逐渐明确以日军为作战对象。然而由于政治和财政上的原因,以及海军自身的种种问题,这些建设计划的大部分——包括某些所谓“最低限度”的购(造)舰计划也未能付诸实施,以致在后来的全国抗日战争中,中国海军的舰艇部队难有作为,给历史留下诸多遗憾,也给后人留下深刻的教训和启示。

In the early period of Nanjing National Government(1927-1937),the Chinese Navy(National Revolutionary Army’s Navy)planned to stick to the so-called“small warship principle”,hoping to develop a fleet with cruisers as flagships,destroyers and submarines as main strength for torpedo attack,aircraft or aircraft tenders as aviation support force,and river gunboats and mine layers as auxiliary defence strength.However,due to political and financial factors,as well as various problems of the navy itself,most of this plan including some“minimum”projects was not carried out in actual practice.As a result,in the later part of the National War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression,it was impossible for the Chinese naval force to make due contribution,leaving regrets in history,as well as lessons for future generations.