陈官庄战役若干问题考析

Analysis of Several Issues in Battle of Chenguanzhuang

陈官庄战役是国共战略决战中规模最大的一次战役。既有研究的部分史实表述及观点不无可以商榷之处。中共方面对杜聿明部撤退方向的判断一直存在分歧,并未及时察觉其突然改变行军方向,而是在两天后才调整部署。由此可以反证:国民党军战前及战中的保密工作相当严密,其失败并非缘于机密泄露。杜聿明部被围困后,并未执意突围,而是恪守蒋介石命令,企图趁机与华东野战军决战,然而蒋介石所倚赖的空中优势并不能力挽狂澜。国共两军在兵力、武器、战术等方面的实力并不悬殊,后勤供应方面的差距是国民党军失败的重要因素之一。

The Battle of Chenguanzhuang is the largest battle in the strategic decisive engagement between the KMT and the CPC.Some statements of historical facts and viewpoints of the existing research are open to debate.The CPC opinions were divided on the direction of Du Yuming’s retreat,and did not detect a sudden change in the latter’s march direction until two days later.This proved that the confidentiality work of the KMT army before and during the war was quite solid,and its failure was not due to leakage of secrets.Having been besieged,Du didn’t insist on breaking out of the encirclement,but strictly followed Chiang Kai-shek’s orders in an attempt to take the opportunity to fight a decisive battle with the East China Field Army.However,the air superiority that Chiang Kai-shek fell back on was not able to turn the tide.The gap between the two sides was by no means great in terms of strength,weapons and tactics,but the deficiency in logistics supply was one of the important factors contributing to the failure of the KMT army.