抗战胜利后国民政府的北平征兵

National Government’s Conscription in Beiping after War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression

抗战胜利后,国民政府颁布新《兵役法》,重新设置征兵机构,开始全国征兵。为稳定城市秩序,国民政府在北平实行"征募并行,尽先征集志愿兵"的政策,采取了大量宣传、动员和优抚措施。但新《兵役法》的大力推行是在国共内战时期,民众应征者居少,而逃避兵役、买雇顶替之风盛行。北平兵役推行受到各种因素制约,民众的、军方的,也有疑似中共的。它反映了全面内战爆发后国民党军政衰弱的本质及其统治困境,也揭示其在大陆统治最终覆灭的必然性。

After the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression,the KMT promulgated the new Conscription Law,reestablished the conscription agencies,and began nationwide conscription.To maintain order in the city,the National Government adopted the method of"mixing conscription and recruitment,with recruitment of volunteers as priority"in Beiping,and took various measures of publicity,mobilization and preferential treatment for servicemen.However,since it was during the Civil War that the new Conscription Law was implemented,there were few volunteers,and people wanted to shirk military service.The implementation of conscription in Beiping was constrained by various factors.It reflected the KMT’s military and political weakness and its ruling predicament after the outbreak of the Civil War.It also revealed the inevitability of the ultimate collapse of its rule in Chinese mainland.