“总体战”视角下日本对伪满洲国的经济动员

Japan’s Economic Mobilization over Puppet Manchuria under “Total War” System

日本在伪满推行的"经济总体战",以全面抗战的爆发为时间节点,前期以石原莞尔"总体战"理论为指导,后期受"短期决战式总体战"理论支配。在石原莞尔"总体战"理论支配下,日本为增加军需存量资源而给伪满经济体系搭建了基本结构框架。全面抗战爆发后,石原莞尔因在日本陆军失势而失去了对伪满的实际控制。随后,日本在伪满推行"短期决战式经济动员"。伪满经济结构是为日本在伪满的战争动员服务而不断建构,随着日本战败而瓦解。日本不顾客观经济规律,一再利用伪满"国防经济体制"深度挖掘中国东北的战争动员潜力,其在伪满实施的经济动员实则是一连串不可持续的掠夺式搜刮。

Under the control of Ishihara Kanji’s"Total War"theory,Japan set up a basic structural framework for the puppet Manchurian economic system in order to increase the storage resources of military supplies.After the outbreak of the all-out War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression,Ishihara Kanji lost the actual control over the puppet Manchuria because he lost power in the Japanese army.Subsequently,Japan practiced the"short-term decisive economic mobilization"in puppet Manchuria.The economic structure there was continuously constructed to serve Japan’s war mobilization and it collapsed with the defeat of Japan.Despite the objective economic law,Japan repeatedly used the"national defense economic system"in puppet Manchuria to extort the war mobilization potential in Northeast China.In fact,its economic mobilization in the puppet Manchuria was a series of unsustainable predatory plunders.