抗日战争时期国民政府陆军粮政述论

Review of National Government’s Grain Administration in Army during Anti-Japanese War

抗日战争时期,由于不断扩征兵员,军粮需求不断增加,保证军粮供应是保持部队战力的基本要素之一。为保证不断增长的军粮需求,国民政府陆军军粮供应经历了初期的自由放任、粮政系统初步建立和调整充实三个阶段。战时,国民政府对军粮征购、军粮储藏运输、军粮拨补等系统不断进行调整完善,力图最低限度上满足部队需要。但由于军粮在征购、储运、补给等环节所负责的机构互不统属,加上战时环境不断变动、技术条件极差、军粮政从业人员素质低下等原因,在军粮政运行过程中问题丛生,从而制约着国民政府陆军的军事行动,这也成为国民政府丧师失地的原因之一。

During the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression,with the continuous expansion of recruits and increasing demand for rations,military food supply became a must to maintain the combat effectiveness.In order to ensure the growing demand for grain,the National Government’s military provisions underwent three stages:the initial stage of laissezfaire,the initial establishment and adjustment of the food administration system.During the war,the Government constantly adjusted and improved the systems of military grain purchase and collection,storage and transportation and allocation,trying hard to satisfy the minimum needs of the Army.However,the agencies responsible for procurement,storage,transportation and replenishment of military grain did not cooperate;the wartime situation was constantly changing;the technical conditions were extremely poor;and the staff of military grain administration was not qualified.Therefore,many problems arose,which restricted the military operations of the Army and became one of the reasons why the National Government was to suffer losses later on.