1932—1934年鄂豫皖革命根据地粮食危机探析——兼论红25军长征原因

Food Crisis in Hubei-Henan-Anhui Revolutionary Base Areas from 1932 to 1934——Also on Why 25th Red Army Started Long March

红四方面军撤离后,红25军长征前,鄂豫皖革命根据地发生了严重的粮食危机。根据地出现了群众饿死的情况,红25军也因饥饿而战斗力锐减,无法开展军事行动。国民党对根据地粮食储藏及农业生产的破坏、对粮食流通的阻碍,是造成根据地粮食危机的主要原因。鄂豫皖省委和红25军采取了多种措施应对粮食危机,使根据地斗争得以继续坚持。但是,在无法取得反"围剿"斗争胜利的大背景下,这些措施的作用是有限的,不能从根本上化解粮食危机。根据地的粮食危机始终不能得到根本化解,是红25军被迫进行长征的重要原因。

In the period after the withdrawal of the Fourth Front Red Army and before the Long March of the 25th Red Army,a severe food crisis hit the Hubei-Henan-Anhui Revolutionary Base Areas.The people in the base areas suffered from starvation,and the combat effectiveness of the 25th Red Army was so seriously affected that military operations could not be carried out for lack of food.The food crisis was mainly a result of Kuomintang’s disruption of grain storage,agricultural production and grain circulation in the base areas.The provincial party committees of Hubei,Henan and Anhui and the 25th Red Army took various measures to cope with the crisis so that the struggle in the base areas could carry on.However,those measures could not possibly resolve the problem in a fundamental way when the struggle against KMT’s"Encirclement and Suppression"did not achieve victory.The food crisis was one of the major reasons why the 25th Red Army had to begin the Long March.