金属有机框架材料在肿瘤标志物筛查中的研究进展

Research Progress of Metal Organic Frameworks in Tumor Marker

癌症隐匿性强、发展速度快的特点,给患者疾病治疗造成极大的影响。检测癌症发生与发展中产生的肿瘤标志物对癌症早期诊断、改善预后及降低癌症死亡率具有重大的临床意义。但是,肿瘤标志物的特异度和敏感度不足,单一的肿瘤标志物检测导致误诊或漏诊的可能性增加,也无法提供对特定肿瘤类型的鉴别诊断;肿瘤标志物的检测方法较为复杂,耗时长、成本高,限制了其在临床中的应用。此外,通常人体中肿瘤标志物的含量较低、基质成分复杂,对检测技术的灵敏度和准确度提出了挑战。近年来,金属有机框架(MOFs)材料凭借其独特且优异的物理化学性能,在生物传感器的开发与肿瘤标志物的检测中得到广泛应用。简要综述了MOFs材料的结构、命名方法和功能,并对比了每类MOFs材料的固有特性、优缺点,以及在肿瘤标志物筛查中的应用研究进展,梳理总结了目前存在的问题并提出发展建议,以期为肿瘤标志物的高灵敏新型检测方法开发提供参考。

Cancer's potent concealment and rapid progression significantly impact patient treatment.Detecting tumor markers produced during cancer's development is of paramount clinical importance for early diagnosis,improving prognosis,and reducing cancer mortality.However,tumor markers'specificity and sensitivity are insufficient,and single tumor marker detection increases the likelihood of misdiagnosis or missed diagnosis,hindering differential diagnosis for specific tumor types.The detection methods for tumor markers are complicated,time-consuming,and costly,limiting their clinical application.Additionally,the generally low levels of tumor markers and complex matrix composition in the human body present challenges for the sensitivity and accuracy of detection techniques.In recent years,metal-organic frameworks(MOFs)have been extensively employed in the development of biosensors and tumor marker detection due to their unique and superior physicochemical properties.This study briefly summarizes the structure,naming methods,and functions of MOFs,compares the inherent characteristics,advantages,and disadvantages of each type of MOFs,and reviews the application progress of MOFs in tumor marker screening.The existing problems and development suggestions are summarized in the hope of providing references for the development of novel,high-sensitivity detection methods for tumor markers.