基于极小值原理的燃料电池客车能量管理策略

Energy management strategy of fuel cell bus based on Pontryagin′s minimum principle

针对燃料电池客车动力系统,以氢耗最低为目标函数,以燃料电池输出功率为控制变量,并考虑燃料电池耐久性对控制变量进行约束,基于Pontryagin极小值原理设计能量管理策略。针对Pontryagin极小值原理仅适用于离线计算的缺点进行改进,设计了能适应不同工况的在线能量管理策略,并建立了燃料电池客车整车仿真模型。仿真结果表明:该能量管理策略在不同工况下具有较好的适应性,不同工况下燃料经济性和耐久性均优于传统开关模式能量管理策略。

An energy management strategy for fuel cell bus is designed based on the Pontryagin’s minimum principle,in which the fuel cell power is set as the control variable,minimal fuel consumption is taken as the objective function,and the durability of fuel cell is considered as the constraint.An on-line energy management strategy is designed with improving the Pontryagin’s minimum principle in order to adapting to different operating conditions.A fuel cell bus simulation model is built.The simulation results show that the energy management strategy can adapt to different operating conditions well,and it is better than the traditional on/off energy management strategy in terms of fuel economy and fuel cell durability.