传统汉语音韵学研究之得失衡估

Traditional Chinese Phonology Research,Achievements and Shortcomings

梳理传统汉语音韵学的历史发展脉络,全面把握其取得的成就并揭示其存在的不足,将有利于继承和发扬这份丰厚的学术遗产,有利于促进现代音韵学的发展。传统汉语音韵学取得的成就有十个方面,如善于接受新事物,创建了富有汉语特色的分析范畴;构建了汉语音韵学研究的基本框架,形成了汉语音韵学独特的学术研究范式等。其存在的不足有八个方面,如有厚古薄今的学术倾向;有重书面语、轻口语的倾向;处理材料时,有时地模糊的倾向;存在轻视抽绎系统理论的倾向等。尊重传统、拥抱新知、扬长避短、守正创新,将是今后汉语音韵学发展的正确方向。

In order to carry forward the rich academic heritage from traditional Chinese phonology and promote the development of modern Chinese phonology,it is necessary for us to sort out the historical development of traditional Chinese phonology,grasp its academic achievements comprehensively and reveal its academic shortcomings.This paper summarizes the development of traditional Chinese phonology for more than 2,000 years,describes its achievements and shortcomings with academic critiques and evaluation.Traditional Chinese phonology has made achievements in ten aspects.For example,it is good at accepting new things and creating an analytical category with Chinese characteristics.Chinese phonology has also constructed the basic paradigm of phonology research and formed a unique academic pattern.However,traditional Chinese phonology also has eight shortcomings.These shortcomings can be found in the academic tendency of traditional Chinese phonology,such as esteeming the past over the present,emphasizing more on written language than oral language,blurring time and place,and ignoring the importance of summarizing its theoretical system.For the future development of Chinese phonology,it is significant to respect tradition,treat new knowledge with an open-minded attitude,foster strengths and circumvent weaknesses,inherit excellent traditions and promote innovation constantly.