卵孢小奥德蘑提取物对人参立枯病等病原菌的抑制作用

Inhibitory Activity of Extracts from Oudemansiella raphanipes Against Plant Pathogenic Fungi Including Ginseng Rhizoctonia solani

为探索卵孢小奥德蘑在植物病害防治方面的应用前景,研究其提取物抑制植物病原菌的活性,采用加热回流法提取卵孢小奥德蘑中的化学成分,采用菌丝生长速率法,以人参根腐病菌、人参锈腐病菌、人参立枯病菌等13个植物病原真菌为供试菌,测定卵孢小奥德蘑乙醇提取物及萃取物的抑菌活性。结果表明:卵孢小奥德蘑乙醇提取物的提取率为35.26%,当乙醇提取物浓度为100 mg/mL时,对人参立枯病菌的相对抑制率为52.24%,将乙醇提取物进一步萃取后,发现石油醚相萃取物对人参立枯病菌的抑制活性最高,浓度为500 mg/mL时相对抑制率为52.90%。卵孢小奥德蘑石油醚萃取物对人参立枯病菌有较好的抑制活性,在人参立枯病的防治上具有较好的应用前景。

The present study is to evaluate the inhibitory activity of the extracts from Oudemansiella raphanipes against plant pathogens and to explore the application prospects of O.raphanipes in the area of environment-friendly natural pesticide.The active ingredients of O.raphanipes were obtained by heat reflux extraction method.The evaluation of growth rate was used for determining the antifungal activities of extracts against 13 pathogens.The ethanol extract,an extraction rate of 35.26%,had strong inhibitory activity against Rhizoctonia solani at concentration 100 mg/mL with the inhibition rate of 52.24%.After a coarse separation derived from ethanol extract,the petroleum ether extract had the highest inhibition rate of 52.90%at 500 mg/mL.The petroleum ether extract of O.raphanipes showed higher inhibitory activity against R.solani,indicating a promising application prospect in the control of ginseng blight.