授权赋能教育对社区获得性肺炎患者自我效能及预后的影响

Effects of empowerment education on self-efficacy and prognosis of patients with community acquired pneumonia

目的:观察授权赋能教育对社区获得性肺炎(CAP)患者自我效能、自我管理能力及预后的影响。方法:选取2017年2月-2019年2月于本院接诊的96例CAP患者,按照随机数字表分成观察组、对照组各48例,观察组住院期间采取授权赋能教育,对照组行常规健康教育,干预前后采用一般自我效能感量表(GSES)评价患者自我效能,成年人健康自我管理能力测评量表(AHSMSRS)评价自我管理能力,记录患者临床症状消退时间,统计早期治疗失败率、重症CAP转化率、死亡率。结果:干预后,观察组GSES评分显著高于对照组(t=12.208,P<0.05);AHSMSRS评分中自我管理行为、认知、环境各分量表评分及总分均显著高于对照组(t=4.070,7.963,3.078,7.971;P<0.05);发热、咳嗽/咳痰、呼吸困难天、胸痛、肺部啰音各症状消退时间均显著短于对照组(t=-5.288,-4.801,-4.587,-2.605,-3.387;P<0.05);观察组早期治疗失败率14.58%、重症CAP转化率均显著低于对照组(χ~2=4.631,4.928;P<0.05)。结论:授权赋能教育用于CAP患者干预,能提高患者自我效能感及自我管理能力,促进患者症状消退,降低早期治疗失败、重症CAP转化率,有利于患者预后。

Objective:To observe the effects of empowerment education on self-efficacy,self-management ability and prognosis of patients with community acquired pneumonia(CAP).Methods:A total of 96 patients with CAP who were admitted to the hospital from February 2017 to February 2019 were selected and divided into observation group and control group according to the random number table method,with 48 cases in each group.Observation group was given empowerment education during hospitalization,and control group was given routine health education.Before and after intervention,the general self-efficacy scale(GSES)was used to evaluate the self-efficacy of patients.The adult health self-management skill rating scale(AHSMSRS)was used to evaluate the self-management ability,and the regression times of clinical symptoms was recorded,and the early treatment failure rate and severe CAP conversion rate and mortality rate were statistically analyzed.Results:After intervention,the GSES score in observation group was significantly higher than that in control group(t=12.208,P<0.05).The scores of subscales of self-management behavior,cognition and environment and total score of AHSMSRS were significantly higher than those in control group(t=4.070,7.963,3.078,7.971,P<0.05).The regression times of clinical symptoms of fever,cough/expectoration,dyspnea,chest pain and lung rales were significantly shorter than those in control group(t=-5.288,-4.801,-4.587,-2.605,-3.387;P<0.05).The early treatment failure rate and severe CAP conversion rate in observation group were significantly lower than those in control group(χ~2=4.631,4.928,P<0.05).Conclusion:Empowerment education for intervention of CAP patients can improve the self-efficacy and self-management ability,promote the regression of symptoms,reduce the early treatment failure rate and severe CAP conversion rate,and help benefit the prognosis of patients.