中国自由贸易试验区建设的“质量效应”研究

Research on the "Quality Effect" of the Construction of China’s Pilot Free Trade Zone

构建更高水平的开放型经济体制,形成国际国内双循环的新发展格局,应以自由贸易试验区建设为契机。在揭示自贸区建设通过贸易效应、投资效应和创新效应影响经济发展质量的传导路径后,发现:从整体绩效看,自贸区建设推动了区域经济的高质量发展,但上海自贸区因创新能力未得到有效提升而对其经济发展质量带来了负向效应;从传导机理看,自贸区建设对提升贸易质量、带动社会投资及激发创新能力等方面都具有积极作用,且这些政策效应将随着时间推移而愈加显著,但不排除个别地区存在政策效应"失灵"的现象;从横向比较看,自贸区建设所带来的政策效应在不同地区之间存在着显著的空间差异,即不同自贸区对经济发展质量及其动力机制的影响均存在着明显的异质性。

To build a higher-level open economic system and form a new development pattern of international and domestic dual cycles,the construction of a free trade pilot zone should be used as an opportunity.After revealing the transmission path through which the construction of free trade zone affects the quality of economic development through trade effects,investment effects and innovation effects,the research finds that:From the perspective of overall performance,the construction of the free trade zone has promoted the high-quality development of the regional economy,but the Shanghai free trade zone has brought a negative effect on the quality of its economic development due to the ineffective improvement of its innovation capabilities;From the perspective of transmission mechanism,the construction of a free trade zone has a positive effect on improving trade quality,stimulating social investment,and stimulating innovation capabilities.And these policy effects will become more significant over time,but it does not rule out the phenomenon of"failure"of policy effects in individual regions.From a horizontal comparison,there are significant spatial differences in the policy effects brought about by the construction of free trade zones in different regions,that is,the effects of different free trade zones on the quality of economic development and its dynamic mechanism are obviously heterogeneous.