我国农村集体经济“产权-市场化-规模化-现代化”发展机制及实现路径

Development Mechanism and Realization Path of “Property Right-Marketization-Scale-Modernization” in Rural Collective Economy in China

农村集体经济是公有制经济在农村的重要实现形式,发展壮大农村集体经济对于深化农村供给侧结构性改革、实现农村经济高质量发展、推动乡村全面振兴意义重大。"产权-市场化-规模化-现代化"构成了农村集体经济发展的"三圈式"逻辑机制:产权明晰促进了市场化程度提高,市场化程度提高促进要素适度规模化发展,适度规模化发展又促进了现代化发展,市场化、规模化和现代化发展到一定程度又要求产权更加明晰。目前我国农村集体经济在产权、市场化、规模化和现代化四个方面存在困境:集体产权主体"不到位",组织成员权不清晰;市场化程度不高,农民个体权利难以保障;农地规模化、组织规模化和服务规模化适度性不够;农村集体经济现代化程度不高。本文提出了农村集体经济发展的产权路径、市场化路径、规模化路径和现代化路径。

Rural collective economy is an important realization form of public ownership economy in rural areas.The development of rural collective economy is of great significance to deepen the rural supply side structural reform,realize the highquality development of rural economy and promote the comprehensive revitalization of rural areas."Property right-marketization-scale-modernization"constitutes the"three-circle"logical mechanism of rural collective economic development:the clarity of property rights promotes the improvement of marketization,the improvement of marketization promotes the moderate scale development of elements,and the moderate scale development promotes the development of modernization.The development of marketization,scale and modernization to a certain extent requires more clarity of property rights.At present,there are four dilemmas in the property right,marketization,scale and modernization of rural collective economy in China:the subject of collective property right is not in place,and the right of organization members is not clear;the degree of marketization is not high,and it is difficult to guarantee the individual rights of farmers;the scale of farmland,organization and service is not appropriate;the degree of modernization of rural collective economy is not high.Finally,this paper puts forward the path of rural collective economic development in property rights,marketization,scale and modernization.