新发展格局下的产业技术政策:理论逻辑、突出问题与优化

Industrial Technology Policy under the New Development Pattern: Theoretical Logic, Outstanding Problems and Optimization

在双循环的全新发展战略与新发展格局下,系统提升我国产业链安全性以及破解产业链迈向全球价值链中高端的关键核心技术"卡脖子"问题意义重大。产业技术政策是产业政策与科技政策的融合点,在新发展格局下,我国产业技术政策面临政策的功能定位、政策的内容体系以及政策的实施目标三大层面的缺陷,体现为产业技术政策的强选择性导致创新资源配置扭曲化、产业共性技术政策内容缺失导致对产业创新生态系统以及产业链的安全性支撑不足、产业技术政策的政策实施过程对公平竞争秩序的偏离等多重后果。在新发展格局下,我国产业技术政策要着力于弱化产业技术政策的强选择性,并着力于构建选择性与功能性相结合的产业技术创新政策双元平衡体系,在支撑产业创新生态系统的整体跃迁与产业链安全层面需要建立健全面向"卡脖子"技术的产业共性技术创新支撑体系,提高创新链对产业链的协同支撑力度,并在政策价值取向与政策执行过程中以竞争中性为原则重塑公平竞争的产业技术创新政策体系,最终实现产业技术政策的系统性转型与优化,推动产业高质量发展。

Under the new development strategy and new development pattern of"dual circulation",it is of great significance to systematically improve the security of China’s industrial chain and solve the"Neck Sticking"dilemma of key and core technologies of the industrial chain moving towards the middle and high-end of the global value chain.Industrial technology policy is the fusion point of industrial policy and science and technology policy,under the new development pattern,and China’s industrial technology policy faces three major defects:the functional orientation of the policy,the content system of the policy and the implementation goal of the policy,which are reflected as follows:first,the strong selectivity of industrial policy leads to the distortion of the allocation of innovation resources.Second,the lack of industrial generic technology policy content leads to the lack of security support for industrial innovation ecosystem and industrial chain.Third,the implementation process of industrial technology policy deviates from or even destroys the order of fair competition in the market.Under the new development pattern,China’s industrial technology policy should focus on weakening the strong selectivity of industrial technology policy,and on building a dual balance system of industrial technology innovation policy with the combination of selectivity and functionality.In order to support the overall transition of industrial innovation ecosystem and the safety of industrial chain,it is necessary for government to establish and improve the support system of industrial generic technology innovation oriented to"neck sticking"technology,and improve the collaborative support of innovation chain to industrial and value chain.In the process of policy value orientation and policy implementation,it is necessary to reshape the policy system of industrial technology innovation with fair competition based on the principle of competition neutrality,and finally realize the systematic transformation and optimization of industrial technology policy,so as to promote the high-quality development of industry.