人口老龄化与养老金可持续性研究进展

Research Progress on Population Ageing and Pension Sustainability

随着"人口老龄化"问题日益严重,各国如何维持养老金制度可持续性是当前迫切需要研究的问题。养老金制度涉及的问题众多,本文聚焦经济增长和社会福利两个角度来研究养老金制度可持续性问题。首先,本文总结出了养老金制度可持续性与经济增长的关系。其次,本文结合代际和代内公平问题,探究了养老金制度可持续性与社会福利的关系。再次,本文从人口老龄化的两个直接原因,预期寿命延长与生育率下降两方面,综述了对养老金制度可持续性的冲击。最后,本文总结分析了我国养老金制度的现状,提出了我国养老金制度改革的若干建议。

With the problem of"ageing population"becoming more and more serious,how to maintain the sustainability of pension system in various countries is an urgent problem to be studied.There are many problems involved in the pension system.This paper studies the sustainability of pension system with a focus on economic growth and social welfare.Firstly,it summarizes the relationship between pension sustainability and economic growth.Secondly,it summarizes the relationship between pension sustainability and social welfare with discussions about intergenerational and intra generational equity issues.Thirdly,it summarizes the impact on the sustainability of the pension system from two direct causes of aging:the increase of life expectancy and the decrease of fertility rate.Finally,it summarizes and analyzes the current situation of China’s pension system and suggestions on the reform of China’s pension system are put forward.