我国基层政府体制的条块关系:从失调走向协同

Tiao/Kuai Authority Relationhips in Grassroots Governance of China: From Maladjustment to Coordination

条块关系在我国政府治理体系中居于重要地位,条块关系失调是当前基层政府治理中的一大痛点。文章从北京市平谷区"金矿盗采"多年来屡禁不止的治理悖论和由此衍生的"街乡吹哨、部门报到"制度创新切入,回溯了改革开放以来我国基层条块关系的演进脉络,并对全球基层政府的职能定位及发展趋势进行了比较分析。在此基础上,文章重点以北京、浙江、安徽6个乡镇(街道)作为实证考察样本,对基层条块之间的权责利关系、治理重心下移带来的基层组织重塑、基层政府的职能边界等关键问题进行了学理探析。文章提出,未来应进一步自上而下纵深推动改革,强化乡镇(街道)统筹协调、建立"条块"权责清单、推动"条"的重心下移、用好"互联网+"技术工具、增进政府与民众互信协作,最终形成职责清晰、协同有力的基层治理新格局。

Tiao/Kuai authority relationships play an important role in China’s national governance system,and the maladjustment of Tiao/Kuai relationships is a"pain point"in grassroots governance.This paper starts from the"governance paradox"and the derivative reform of"street and township whistle blowing,department reporting"in Pinggu District,Beijing,and makes a historical retrospection of the evolution of China’s grassroots"Tiao"relationships since 1978.Based on the global governance tide of developing service-oriented government,regulatory government,low-cost government and responsible government,this paper makes an empirical study on six grassroots governments in Beijing,Zhejiang and Anhui,and makes a theoretical analysis of a series of core issues about governmental functions and Tiao/Kuai relationships at grassroots level.This paper proposes that in the future,we should focus on pushing forward reform from top to bottom,strengthening the overall coordination of the"Kuai",establishing the list of rights and responsibilities of"Tiao/Kuai",promoting the downward shift of the focus of"Tiao",making good use of the"internet plus"technology tools,and enhancing mutual trust and cooperation between the government and the public.The ultimate goal of reform is to form a new pattern of grassroots governance with clear responsibilities and good coordination.