农民城市化的区域差异研究——市场区位条件的视角

Study on the Regional Difference of Farmer Urbanization: From the Perspective of Market Location Conditions

东部地区农村与中西部地区农村存在显著的市场区位条件差异。文章基于市场区位条件的视角,分析东部与中西部地区农民城市化模式的差异,并探讨不同城市化模式对农民家庭的影响。研究发现,东部地区农村的农民城市化具有市场先导和农民主导的特征,政府主要居于兜底的保障性地位。中西部地区农村的农民城市化主要源于村庄社会倒逼和农民被动卷入,地方政府是城市化推进的直接主体。东部地区农村与中西部地区农村分别形成以子代核心家庭为主体的完全城市化模式和以紧密代际关联为基础的"半城市化"模式,且分别提高了农民家庭中的情感维度和政治维度。文章进一步提出,中国城市化战略须遵循农民城市化的实践逻辑与区域差异,合理定位政府角色,走出一条稳健、有序的城市化道路。

There are significant differences in market location conditions between the rural areas in the developed eastern region of China and the rural areas in the central and western regions.Based on the perspective of market location conditions,this paper analyzes the differences between the urbanization modes of farmers in the east and the central and western regions,and discusses the influence of different urbanization modes on farmers’families.It is found that in the eastern rural areas,the urbanization of farmers has the characteristics of market guiding and farmer leading,and the government mainly lies in the guarantee position of the bottom.In the rural areas of the central and western regions,the urbanization of farmers is mainly due to the social backwardness of villages and the involvement of farmers,and local governments are the active agents of urbanization.The eastern rural areas and the central and western rural areas respectively formed the complete urbanization model which takes the offspring of nuclear families as the main body and the half urbanization model which is on the basis of the closely generational relation,and has respectively activated the emotional dimension and political dimension in the process of transformation of farmers’families.The paper further puts forward that China’s urbanization strategy should follow the practical logic of farmers’urbanization and regional differences,reasonably position the role of the government,and blaze a stable and orderly urbanization road.