外出务工经历、创业行为与创业绩效

Experiences of Working Migration,Entrepreneurial Behaviors and Entrepreneurial Performance

近年来我国政府高度重视外出务工农民的返乡创业问题。本文使用2012年中国劳动力动态调查数据,考察了外出务工经历对农村劳动力创业行为和创业绩效的影响,研究结果显示:外出务工经历显著提高了农村劳动力创业的概率,但对其创业绩效并没有显著影响。外出务工期间从事管理、雇主和自雇工作的经历可以显著提高农村劳动力创业的概率及其创业绩效,而外出务工时间的长短对于创业行为和创业绩效均不存在显著影响;关于影响机制的研究发现,外出务工经历特别是外出期间从事管理、雇主和自雇工作的经历不仅有助于返乡创业资金的积累,而且有助于掌握创业需要的经验和技能。本文拓展了外出务工经历对于农村劳动力创业的因果影响及其内在机制等方面的研究,并为促进外出务工农民返乡创业以及提高创业绩效提出了对策建议。

Chinese government attaches great importance to the entrepreneurship of returning rural workers.We use the data of China Labor-Force Dynamic Survey in 2012 to examine the impact of working migration on rural labor’s entrepreneurial behavior and performance.The results show that:Experiences of working in cities significantly increase the probability of entrepreneurship but have no significant impact on the entrepreneurial performance.Engaging in management,employer and self-employment during the going-out period can significantly increase the probability of rural labor’s entrepreneurship and improve the entrepreneurial performance.While the duration of working migration has no significant impact.The research on the impact mechanism finds that the experiences of working migration,especially the involvement in management,employer and selfemployment,is not only helpful for the accumulation of venture capital,but also useful for mastering the experience and skills needed for entrepreneurship.This paper expands the research on the causal effect of the experience of working migration on rural labor’s entrepreneurship and the influential mechanism,putting forward policy implications for promoting the entrepreneurship of returning rural labors and improving their entrepreneurship performance.