中国“四纵四横”高铁对沿线站点城市可达性及其经济联系的影响

The Effect of Chinese "Four Vertical and Four Horizontal" High-Speed Railways on the Accessibility and Economic Relations of the Cities along the Line

运用ArcGIS空间分析法、可达性模型及引力模型,探究中国"四纵四横"高铁的开通对沿线站点城市可达性及其经济联系空间格局的影响。结果表明:①中国"四纵四横"高铁开通后,整体区域可达性得到优化,高铁沿线变化尤为显著,且促进高铁客运流的均衡分布。可达性水平呈现东中西地带性递减格局,这与我国地形分布表现出高度吻合,华北、长江中下游平原地区可达性最优,中西部山地、高原地区可达性较差。②中国"四纵"高铁沿线站点城市的经济联系总量高于"四横"高铁沿线站点城市。沿线站点城市经济联系总量差异显著,东部地区沿线站点城市经济联系总量显著高于中、西部地区。③中国"四纵四横"高铁的开通对二、三线站点城市经济联系改善程度较大,且经济联系隶属度较强的城市空间分布上呈现与中心城市相邻格局。

Under the background of the Belt and Road Initiative,high-speed railway takes an important role in speeding the regional development and globalization.In order to give a insight interpretation of the effect of high-speed railway on development of economic and give a reference for the planning and layout of high-speed railway,this paper focus on the research about the accessibility of cities and the spatial pattern of economic connection along the"four vertical and four horizontal"high-speed railway.The accessibility model and gravity model are proposed to analyze the accessibility of cities and the spatial pattern of economic connection,respectively.And the ArcGIS spatial analysis method is presented to compare these two indicators among different areas of China.Finally,three important conclusions are derived from the analysis.First,after the opening of"four vertical and four horizontal"high-speed rails,the overall regional accessibility get a great promotion,especially for the cities along the high-speed railways,which makes the passenger flow more balance.Furthermore,the accessibility of different areas are different.The accessibilities are increase from west to east.And the highest accessibility cities are located along the high-speed railway in North China and the middle and lower of Yangtze River.The lower accessibility cities are located along the high-speed railway in mountains and plateau of Midwest China.Second,the total quantity of economic connection of the cities along the"four vertical"high-speed railways in China are higher than those in the"four-horizontal"high-speed railway stations.And,the total quantity of economic connection of east is much higher than the quantity of the midlands and south of the cities along the high-speed railway.Third,the"four vertical and four horizontal"network of high-speed railway strengthens the economic connection of the second-and third-tier cities and forms a special pattern of the economic dependency of the adjacent cities and the central city.