中国CCUS技术发展、趋势与建议

Development,trends,and suggestions for CCUS technology in China

CCUS(Carbon Capture,Utilization and Storage,碳捕集、利用和封存)是实现碳中和战略目标的关键技术之一。在全球碳达峰和碳中和愿景下,CCUS技术的应用和发展对可持续发展具有重要意义。介绍了从CCS(Carbon Capture and Storage,碳捕集和封存)技术到CCUS技术的发展历程、CCUS传统技术方法以及在新的应用场景下,不断丰富和拓展的CCUS新技术,重点对我国CCUS技术的发展现状和发展趋势进行分析,指出CCUS目前面临的技术难点主要体现在CO_(2)捕集技术发展存在明显代际差异、CO_(2)海底管道运输技术存在缺乏实际经验、CO_(2)强化天然气开采技术及置换水合物等方面,在规模化产业集群建设方面也存在诸多困难和挑战,应从技术体系构建、重点技术攻关、法规体系完善、激励机制、国际合作等方面加强攻关。最终提出了在中国实现CCUS大规模发展与推广“三步走”路径建议,即按照行业试点期(2021—2030年)、地区推广期(2031—2040年)、全国应用期(2040年以后)3个阶段有序推动CCUS在全国的规模化部署。

CCUS(Carbon Capture,Utilization and Storage)is one of the key technologies to achieve carbon neutrality goals.Under the global visions of carbon peaking and neutrality,the application and development of CCUS technology are of great significance on sustainable development.The article introduced the development process from CCS(Carbon Capture and Storage)technology to CCUS technology,traditional CCUS technology methods,and the continuous enrichment and expansion of new CCUS technologies in new application scenarios.It focused on analyzing the current development status and trends of CCUS technology in China.It points out that the technical difficulties faced by CCUS mainly lie in the significant generational differences in CO_(2)capture technology development,the lack of practical experience in CO_(2)subsea pipeline transportation technology,and the technology for enhancing natural gas recovery and displacing hydrates.There are also many difficulties and challenges in the construction of large-scale industrial clusters.It is suggested to strengthen efforts in aspects such as technical system construction,key technology research and development,improvement of regulatory systems,incentive mechanisms,and international cooperation.Finally,it proposes a"three-step"path for the large-scale development and promotion of CCUS in China,namely,promoting the large-scale deployment of CCUS nationwide in an orderly manner in three stages:the industry pilot period(2021—2030),the regional promotion period(2031—2040),and the national application period(after 2040).