中国煤电协调发展机制及市场化改革

Coordinated development mechanism and market-oriented reform of coal and electricity in China

煤炭作为一次能源,能量利用方式主要靠转化为二次能源电力,我国煤炭发电量占比70%左右,煤炭作为电力主要燃料,煤炭与电力一直存在矛盾,主要原因是我国电价并非市场定价,而煤炭作为一种政策性资源,也不能完全按照市场规律自由发展,国家宏观调控在平衡煤电中矛盾发挥重要作用。通过分析煤炭、电力供需关系,煤电协调发展历史,分析了2021年煤价高企的原因,找到了解决煤矿和电力协调发展机制。结果表明,煤炭、电力、化工一体化发展,三者兼并合资是未来能源集团改革发展的新方向。

As a primary energy,coal is mainly used to convert energy into secondary energy power.Coal accounts for about 70%of China′s electricity generation.As the main fuel of electricity,there is always a contradiction between coal and electricity.The main reason is that China′s electricity price is not set by the market,and coal,as a policy resource,cannot be allowed to develop freely in full accordance with market rules.The national macro-control plays an important role in balancing the contradiction between coal and electricity.The supply and demand relationship of coal and electricity,the history of coordinated development of coal and electricity were analyzed.The reasons for high coal prices in 2021 were analyzed,and a mechanism was found to solve the coordinated development of coal mines and electricity.The results show that the integration of coal,electric power and chemical industry,and the merger and joint venture of the three are the new direction of the reform and development of energy groups in the future.