选煤厂煤泥浮选及干燥技术研究

Coal slime flotation and drying technology in coal preparation plant

我国大部分炼焦煤选煤厂主要采用煤泥浮选技术,且取得了明显的效果;而我国大部分原煤属于低阶煤,煤阶低,含氧功能团较多,浮选性较差,产生的煤泥得不到有效加工利用。此外,大部分低阶煤内灰低、气化反应活性好,利用低阶煤原煤或重选精煤制备低灰精煤产品可作精细油煤浆或精细水煤浆。煤泥浮选是煤泥降灰提质、资源化利用的最佳途径。低阶煤煤泥可浮性相对较差,浮选速度慢,但其表面疏水性较强,强于其他成灰矿物质,采取一定技术方法可实现低阶煤浮选。首先介绍了低阶煤浮选的研究现状,阐述了浮精脱水设备的特点,分析了煤泥干燥技术及选择方式,提出浮选技术的发展趋势。

In most coking coal preparation plants in China,flotation technology is mainly used for the separation of coal slime,and obvious results have been achieved,whereas most raw coal in China belongs to low rank coal,and because of the low rank coal contains more oxygen-containing functional groups,its floatability is lower,the coal slime of the corresponding coal preparation plant has not been effectively processed and utilized.In addition,most low-rank coals have low internal ash and good gasification reactivity.The low-rank coals can be used as fine oil coal slurry or fine water coal slurry.Slime flotation is the best way to reduce the ash and improve the quality of coal slime.The floatability of low rank coal slime is relatively poor and the flotation speed is slow,but its surface hydrophobicity is stronger than that of other ash forming minerals.This paper first introduced the research status of low-rank coal flotation,then described the features of flotation fine dewatering equipment,then analyzed the coal slime drying technology and mode selection,finally put forward the development trend of flotation technology.