全椒县水资源开发利用分析与建议

Analysis and suggestions on the development and utilization of water resources in Quanjiao County

针对安徽省全椒县降水时空分布不均、年内分配不均、年际变化大、工程调节能力不足等水资源开发利用存在的问题,从降雨量、蒸发量、水资源量、水质四个方面统计分析水资源状况,从水利工程现有供水量、经济社会现有用水量和用水效率等方面调查分析水资源利用情况,综合分析出不同保证率的供需水量及缺水量。结果表明,50%平水年份需水量26287万m^(3),可供水量34652万m^(3),能满足供水需要;75%枯水年份需水量31262万m^(3),可供水量22738万m^(3),缺水量8524万m^(3),缺水率27.3%;95%特枯年份,需水量35999万m^(3),可供水量22047万m^(3),缺水口径较大,缺水量13952万m^(3),缺水率38.8%。通过开源节流提高现有水源工程供水水平、实施库站联网工程实行库站联合调度、建设节水型社会、加强水污染治理力度等措施可以在提高保证率前提下有效降低用水缺口,缓解水资源短缺的矛盾。

Aiming at the problems existing in the development and utilization of water resources in Quanjiao County,Anhui Province,such as uneven distribution of precipitation in time and space,uneven distribution within a year,large interannual variation,and insufficient engineering regulation ability,the water resources situation was statistically analyzed from four aspects of rainfall,evaporation,water resources and water quality,and the utilization of water resources was investigated and analyzed from the existing water supply of water conservancy projects,the existing water consumption of economy and society and the efficiency of water use,etc.,and the supply,demand and water shortage with different guarantee rates were comprehensively analyzed.The results show that the water demand is 262.87 million m~3 and the available water supply is 346.52 million m~3 in 50%normal year,which can meet the water supply needs.In 75%dry year,the water demand is 312.62million m~3,the available water supply is 227.38 million m~3,the water shortage is 85.24 million m~3,and the water shortage rate is 27.3%.In 95%of the extremely dry year,the water demand is 359.99 million m~3,the available water supply is 220.47million m~3,the water shortage caliber is large,the water shortage is 139.5 million m~3,and the water shortage rate is 38.8%.Measures such as increasing the water supply level of existing water source projects by increasing revenue and reducing expenditure,implementing the joint dispatching of reservoirs and stations in the networking project of reservoirs and stations,building a water-saving society,and strengthening water pollution control can effectively reduce the water shortage and alleviate the contradiction of water shortage on the premise of improving the guarantee rate.